33 



THE AUT OP 



mediate position known as the parasol. The parasol is a row 

 of deciduous trees planted similarly to the evergreen shading 

 trees. Every time the plants are moved, whether in pots or 

 not, their roots should be surrounded with a compost approach- 

 ing in character the soil in which they are to be finally planted. 

 Peat-soil mixed with river-sand is best for the first stages. 

 Woody plants prefer a substantial kind of nutriment to 

 manures that will ferment and whose action is temporary. 

 Pots with longitudinal grooves in the sides answer well for 

 raising trees and shrubs. After the grafted shrubs have thus 

 gone through the different phases of treatment which finally 

 conduct them to open-air growth, they thenceforward come 

 under the treatment commonly used in the management of 

 hardy plants. 



METHODS OF GRAFTING. 



These are numerous, and vary according to circumstances, 

 being not unfrequently the result of chance or the fancy of 

 the operator. From our own experience and observation we 

 shall describe the modes which are most useful. By modifying 

 them in one way or other the number may be increased ; but 

 all may be referred to the types which we shall describe, and 

 may be employed with the same results. A systematic classi- 

 fication of them is difficult, on account of their number and 

 the almost invisible lines of demarcation by which some of 

 them are divided from each other. They may, however, be 

 grouped into three great divisions, viz. : — Grafting by 

 approach, or inarching; with detached scions; and with 

 detached buds. 



In the descriptive part, under each subdivision, we shall 

 give the title by which each particular operation is known. 

 We have arranged the subject in the following order: — 



