GRAFTING- AND BUDDING. 



133 



used. The Pear-tree is best adapted for this operation. Very 

 fertile and large-fruited varieties, such as Beurre Clairgeau, 

 William, Colmar, d'Aremberg, &c, yield splendid crops by 

 this method. The fruit-buds preserve their fruit-bearing 

 properties. The figure (p. 132) shows the result in 1867 of a graft 

 made in 1860, and for seven years it has constantly borne 

 fruit. We have proved the advantage of this process during 

 twenty years' experience of fruit-bud grafting in our schools 

 of fruit-culture. We are indebted for it to M. Gabriel Luizet 

 of Ecully, to whom belongs the credit of having first made it 

 commonly known, although it had been invented for some time 

 before he brought it into practice. 



BUD-GRAFTING OR BUDDING. 



General Remarks. 

 In England the term "grafting" is practically restricted 

 to those operations in which the scion used is a portion of a 

 shoot or branch. When the scion is merely a bud, the process 

 is known under the specific name of " budding " — a term 

 which, although sanctioned by long and general usage 

 amongst us, is less accurate than the French term " bud- 

 grafting" (greffage par ceil), by which it is properly described 

 as a sub -division or branch of the art of grafting. An eye 

 or bud, accompanied by a certain portion of bark, detached 

 from a branch, is the scion in this mode of grafting. The 

 strip of bark attached to the eye should comprehend the 

 entire thickness of the cortical layer as far as the alburnum 

 exclusively. If the operator cannot remove it with exactness 

 at this point, it will be better to cut a small portion of the 

 wood with it than to want the smallest part of the inner 

 bark. The portion of bark may be either of a tubular form 

 or like a shield ; whence the terms shield-bud grafting and 

 £ute-grafting. The stock is a growing tree or shrub. Tho 



