GRAFTING AND BUDDING. 



195 



grafting is performed in the open air both in forests and in 

 nurseries (see p. 104). The stocks should be, as much as 

 possible, analogous to the varieties to be propagated ; thus the 

 pines with five leaves will unite best with P. excelsa and the 

 Norwegian pine ; those with two and three leaves do best 

 with P. sylvestris, P. austriaca, and P. Laricio ; thick-wooded 

 kinds suit the two last-named sorts. The kind best suited to 

 the soil should also be selected. In the south of France the 

 P. d'Alep and P. pyrenaica make good stocks for certain 

 forms of the group of pines with two leaves. In general, 

 P. sylvestris, P. austriaca, and P. Laricio will suit the greater 

 number of varieties. 



Tree Paeony. 



Stock. — Tree pasony or herbaceous pasony (a portion of the 

 root). Mode of Grafting. — On the root, by cleft-grafting and 

 inlaying. 



Remarks. — The roots of the herbaceous pasony should only 

 be used when there is not a sufficient supply of the roots of 

 the tree pasony. Retain two leaflets on each leaf of the scion, 

 and place the grafts under a cloche or frame, keeping the air 

 excluded for six weeks, after which they are to be placed care- 

 fully in the shade for a fortnight, or until they appear to have 

 taken well and firmly. 



The Pear. 



Stock. — Pear on its own roots (from seed) ; quince (from 

 cuttings with a heel, or hillock-layers ; and sometimes white 

 thorn (from seed). Mode of Grafting. — In almost every way 

 — by shield-budding ; side-grafting under the bark (in July and 

 August) ; cleft-grafting ; English method ; inlaying (in March 

 and April) ; crown -grafting (in April and May ; close to the 

 ground or as standards, but always close to the ground on 

 the quince. 



Remarks. — The pear on its own roots, when used as a stock, 



o2 



