156 HEAx^ING 0OWK mUt'^-TllEES.— HEDGES. 



they are taken off the tree ; the pulp which surrounds 

 them havmg been previously rubbed off and the stone 

 washed. The usual way is to put them in a box of sand, 

 and to stand it under the eaves of a house, to receive the 

 dropping of water from it, and by the spring they will be 

 open and ready for planting." — 3Iem, Phil. Agr, Soc. vol. 

 iii. p. 439. See further J Hedges. 



Insects. — A great enemy to the hawthorn is the horer^ 

 (saperda bivitaia^) the same which infests apple-trees, &c. ; 

 and we knov/ of no method of guarding against its ravages. 

 It is said, however, that this insect has never made its ap- 

 pearance in the interior parts of the United States, and is 

 to be found only within the distance of a few miles from 

 the sea shore. 



HEADING- DOWN FRUIT-TREES.—^' When any 

 fruit-trees have begun to decline, and are thin of young 

 wood, you may often restore them by heading down such 

 limbs as are in the worst state to those parts where young 

 shoots appear, and close to the most vigorous ; but this 

 should not be done, generally, the same season, lest it give 

 such a sudden check to the sap as totally, to destroy the 

 tree. But if every other branch all over the tree were 

 headed at proper lengths, each close to some young shoot, 

 *iew, healthy wood would be produced, which would soon 

 come into bearing. The next spring after the first branch 

 es were headed, the remaining old branches may be cut out, 

 as directed above ; after which the head of the tree will 

 soon be filled with bearing wood, which may afterwards be 

 pruned as directed for other trees." — M'-Mahon. 



HEDGES. — A great variety of shrubs and trees have 

 been made use of for hedges, among which are various 

 kinds of thorns, such as the Cratcegus oxyacantha^ or com- 

 mon European hawthorn, or white thorn ; the Cratcegus 

 coccinea^ or great American hawthorn ; the CratcBgus cms- 

 galli^ or cockspur hawthorn ; the Cratcegus cordata^ or 

 American hedge thorn ; crab and apple-trees, horn-beam, 

 beech, honey-locust, buckthorn, holly, white mulberry, ju- 

 niper, red cedar, &c. &c. 



Mr. Quincy, of Massachusetts, has 2:iven a statement of 

 his mode oi making hedges of the Crafd^gus cordata^ which 

 was published in vlie third volume of the Mass. Agr. Rep. 

 p. 27. The seedilng thorns (ten thousand) were obtained 

 from the nursery of Thomas Main, near Georgetown, D. C, 

 and planted m a hedge-course of two hundred and fifty-five 

 rods, so far as was necessary to fill that extent in one line, 



