260 



RADISH* 



upright. It is seldom planted but as a standard in the or^ 

 chard, and a very few trees are sufficient for a family. 



" The time of planting, the mode of bearing, and all the 

 other particulars of culture, are the same as for the apple 

 and pear." — Loudon. 



" The stem of the quince is employed for the reception 

 of apple and pear grafts, and has the property of giving 

 to the fruit it bears greater precocity, an increased size, and 

 improved flavour ; but with this drawback, that ' the quan- 

 tity is small, and the product short-lived, as the age of the 

 tree seldom exceeds ten or twelve years.' The quince- 

 tree is liable to be attacked by the worm called the borer, 

 the same as the apple-tree and the pear-tree, and the same 

 remedies are recommended. 



Use, — The fruit is not eaten raw ; but, stewed, or in 

 pies or tarts, along with apples, is much esteemed. In 

 *^onfectionary it forms an excellent marmalade and syrup. 

 When apples are flat, and have lost their flavour, Forsyth 

 observes, a quince or two, in a pie or pudding, will add ? 

 quickness to them. In medicine, the expressed juice, re- 

 peatedly taken in small quantities, is said to be cooling, 

 astringent and stomachic. A mucilage prepared from the 

 seeds was formerly much in use, but is now supplanted by 

 the simple gums." — Loudon, " This fruit is generally boil- 

 ed and eaten with sugar, in which form it may be usefully 

 emplojed in cases of dysentery. Five gallons of the juice 

 of quinces, mixed with twenty-five pounds of sugar, and 

 fermented, afl"ords a delicious wine. By boiling the kernels 

 of quinces in water, a mucilage is extracted, which is often 

 used in medicine as a substitute for that of gum Arabic. 

 Quinces are excellent in apple-pies, in the proportion of 

 one fourth quince to three fourths apple, with some thin 

 slices of candied lemon-peel or citron." — Dom. Encyc. 



RADISH. — Raphanus sativus, — The garden-radish is a 

 native of China, and introduced into England in 1584. 



Varieties, — Mr. Russell's Catalogue contains the folio w-* 

 ing :— 



Long salmon, 



Cherry, or scarlet tumlp-rooted, 

 Vvhite turnip-rooted, 

 Violet-coloured turnip-rooted, 

 Black fall, or Spanish. 



Propagation, — All the varieties are raised from seed. 

 Soil and situation. — The soil should be light and mellow 

 well broken by digging. A scattering of the smaller grow- 



Early short-top scarlet, {a superi- 

 or sort,) 

 Early frame. 



Long white summer, or Naples, 

 Purple-short top, 



