46 



FRUIT TREES. 



The grafts to be employed are, tlie shield graft or 

 budding, the English cleft graft, and the protected 

 crown graft. The shield graft or budding must be 

 practised in August, on young wood of the current 

 year's growth ; the crown and cleft grafts are used for 

 more advanced trees, or to replace a shield graft that 

 does not grow. The crown graft mutilates the tree 

 less than cleft grafting. | 



Varieties, — ^We are acquainted at the present time 

 with more than five hundred yarieties of pears. But 

 the whole of them are far from being equally valuable. 

 We shall here point out only some of the best for each 

 month of the year, and place opposite to each name 

 certain directions necessary to their culture. The 

 names in italics indicate the principal synonymes. 



