2 



FRUIT TREES. 



to introduce into the opening while the graft is being 

 placed in the slit. Lastly, a grafting or budding-knife 

 is required (fig. 2). The spatula at the lower end of 

 the knife should be made of hard wood, bone, or ivory. 

 With this knife the lower part of the graft must be 

 cut into proper shape, and shield grafting or budding 

 performed. 



Until the grafts become firmly grown to the wood, it 



Fig. 1.— Hand Saw. Fig. 2. —Budding-Knife. 



is of the utmost importance to keep them in their first 

 position, and this is done by means of bandages com- 

 posed of wool, drawn into coarse threads and slightly 

 twisted, or strands of matting soaked in water, or of the 

 bark of the willow or lime tree, made supple by soaking 

 in water. 



In order to protect the parts from the action of the 

 atmosphere, various mastics are employed. One kind, 



