104 



FRUIT TREES. 



when grown to the length of F was it brought to its 

 final position E. The other side branches must all be 

 inclined in the same gradual manner. 



The Bummer Nailing. — The summer nailing of pear 

 trees relates only to the new shoots growing from the 

 side branches ; these shoots, when they have attained a 

 length of twelve inches, must be nailed to the wall or 

 trellis, in the same direction as the branches upon 

 which they grow. 



In nailing to a trellis, a small straight stick may be 

 employed, fixed at the extremity of each branch, and 

 in a parallel line with it, to conduct and support the 

 young shoot. 



Two methods of fastening branches to the wall may 

 be used ; nailing them with list or fastening to a 

 trellis. 



Fig. 90.— Garden Hammer. 



Nailing loith List is the most perfect and convenient 

 method. The kind of hammer and a convenient 

 form of nail-basket are shown in figures 90 and 91. 

 If the old lists are used again, it is a good precaution 

 to boil them, in order to destroy the eggs of noxious 



