ORGANS OF REPRODUCTION. 



57 



of an outer coat, within which is the true seed. Strohilus 

 or cone, an imbricated scaly inflorescence, composed of 

 hard bracts, seated round a central woody axis, bearing 

 two or more naked seeds at their base, as in cedar of 

 Lebanon, Scotch and spruce fir. Cone is also applied 

 to the fruit of Banksia, which is formed of a spike of 

 woody follicles that becomes solid and hardened. Gal- 

 hulus, a fruit composed of thick fleshy scales, which be- 

 come hardened and compact into one uniform, globose, 

 smooth, plane or horned mass, as in juniper, cypress, and 

 arbor-vitse. 



An ovary with its pistil is termed a carpel; when 

 one or more in a flower and free, they are called apocar- 

 pous (free), as in the ranunculus, larkspur, and pseony ; 

 when united together, syncarpous, as in custard- apple, 

 magnolia, strawberry, and raspberry ; in the mulberry, 

 pine-apple, and screw-pine, a number of individual fruits 

 (separate flowers) being united they are called compound. 



The fig is also a remarkable instance of a compound 

 fruit ; it consists of a hollow conical receptacle attached 

 by its narrowest end, having a small opening at its broad 

 apex, its interior being lined with numerous apetalous 

 florets, containing stamens and pistils which ultimately 

 produce small grains, the true fruit of the fig. 



Fruits are either one or many celled ; when the seeds 

 are all contained in a single compartment, as in the Pea 

 family, it is called unilocular (one-celled). On cutting 

 an apple across, the seeds will be seen lying in five cells 

 radiating from a centre to which the seeds are attached ; 

 it is hence called multilocular (many-celled). The orange 

 is also divided in the same manner into cells filled with 

 pulp, amongst which the seeds lie embedded. 



Pericarp is a general term for the outer covering, rind, 



