14 



APPLE. 



peatedly lopped, or pruned in, to cause the reproduc- 

 tion of new branches, and which, upon trees that 

 have ceased to bear, is often a great improvement. 

 The author thinks, that as this was an idea of the 

 great Lord Chancellor Bacon, it furnished the late 

 royal gardener, Mr. Forsyth, with a foundation of 

 his system of pruning and healing the wounds of 

 trees ; both of which are useful in the management of 

 fruit trees. 



Kii!fe-pruning is necessary in the early stages of 

 the growth ; irregular branches, or redundant shoots, 

 may be cut away, regarding always the peculiar form 

 of growth of the sort to be pruned ; for this " it will 

 always assume," as Mr. Knight has truly said, " in 

 spite of the pruner's art." 



Seedling apples come into bearing at different pe- 

 riods ; some so early as the fourth year ; others not 

 till they are about fifteen years old. Seedlings may 

 be forwarded into a bearing state, by repeated graft- 

 ing them upon themselves, keeping them on poor 

 land, and giving no pruning. 



The great quantities of apples imported from 

 France and America, is certainly a national loss ; 

 more especially as there is so much vacant British 

 ground, well calculated for the growth of the apple, 

 now lying waste. 



Training. — Apple trees maybe trained either as 

 dwarf or high standards ; in the fan manner, or hori- 

 zontally on walls, or as espaliers, with upright stems 

 and drooping branches, &c. 



Standards are such as are planted in orchards or 



