BLtGIIT. 



thorns ; and three or four stont stakes should be 

 driven into the ground at equal distances round the 

 tree, brought either nearly together or spreading out 

 at top, and fastened together by cross ledges nailed 

 to each, to defend the stem from the rubbing of 

 cattle. Rough bushes should also project from the 

 top to balk cattle from browsing the young shoots. 

 Such a fence, well constructed at first, and kept 

 effective by repairs if needful, and occasionally well 

 bushed, will defend the trees till they are out of 

 harm's way, and till they are so established as to 

 take care of themselves. 



Of the Blight, and other attacks to xvhich Apple Trees 

 are subject. 



There is as much care and attention required in 

 keeping fruit trees in health, and free from attacks of 

 insects and parasitical plants, as there is in propagat- 

 ing and transplanting them. Constitutional diseases 

 should always be distinguished from the depredations 

 of insects. Of these in their order, viz, 



CW:t?r.— This seems to be a constitutional disease, 

 and to arise from a defect in the organization, occa- 

 sioned by impure qualities taken in by the root from 

 an ungenial subsoil. This is a conclusion come to 

 from experience ; because, in low, damp situations, 

 where the subsoil is strong gravelly clay, there the 

 trees are mostly cankered ; while the same kinds 

 planted on a light loam, having a dry bottom of rock 

 or chalk, remain perfectly free from the disease. 

 IFe cannot exactly say how this happens, or describe 



