Spraying 



215 



destroy all caterpillars caught in these traps. The 

 tent-caterpillar may be destroyed while in the egg 

 state, as these are plainly visible around the smaller 

 twigs in circular, brownish masses. (See illus- 

 tration.) Upon hatching, also, the nests are 

 obtrusively visible and may be wiped out w^ith a 

 swab of old bag, or burned with a kerosene torch. 

 Be sure to apply this treatment before the cater- 

 pillar begins to leave the nest. The treatment 

 recommended for codlin-moths is also effective for 

 the tent-caterpillar. 



The canker-worm is another leaf-feeding enemy, 

 and can be taken care of by the Paris green or 

 arsenate spray. 



The railroad-worm, a small wliite maggot which 

 eats a small path in all directions through the ripen- 

 ing fruit, cannot be reached by spraying, as he 

 starts, life inside the fruit; but where good clean 

 tillage is practiced and no fallen fruit is left to lie 

 and decay under the trees, he is not apt to give much 

 trouble. 



The borer's presence is indicated by the dead, 

 withered appearance of the bark, beneath which he 

 is at work, and also by small amounts of sawdust 

 where he entered. Dig him out with a sharp pocket- 

 knife, or kill him inside with a piece of wire. 



The most troublesome disease of the apple, espe- 

 cially in wet seasons, is the apple-scab, which dis- 



