380 KIIESEKY AND FEUIT GAEDEN IMPLEMENTS. 



Those of cast-steel, cut out of a solid plate, with three or 

 four tines, are the best, light and durable. It is the only 

 implement proper for loading, mixing, or spreading fresh 

 rough manures with facility and despatch. 



The Pick. — This is a useful, and even indispensable 

 implement in the deepening or trenching of soils with a 

 hard subsoil that cannot be operated upon with the spade. 

 It consists of an ash handle, and a head composed of two 

 levers of iron pointed with steel, and an 

 eye in the centre for the handle. 



The Garden Line and Reel (fig. 137). — 

 The line should be a good hemp cord, 

 from one eighth to one fourth of an inch 

 in diameter, attached to light iron stakes 

 about eighteen inches long. On one of 

 the stakes a reel is attached. This is tm-ned 

 by means of a handle, and the line neatly 



T . , , T 'J Garden Line and 



and quickly wound up. Reel. 



The Hoe. — This is a universal instrument in this coun- 

 try. In some cases, all the gardening operations are per- 

 formed with it. Its uses in tree culture are to open 

 trenches for seeds, to cover them, to loosen and clean* the 

 surface of the ground from weeds, &c. There are two 

 kinds, the draw hoe, figs. 138, 139, 140, and the Dutch, 



Fig. 138. Fig. 139. 



Square draw hoe. Triangle draw hoe. 



or thrust hoe, fig. 141 ; this we do not use at all. Of the 



