The trees which have "been killed and abandoned by tie de- 

 veloped "broods of the beetles are indicated by the reddish- brown 

 foliage, except in the case of those fading late in the winter. 



Extent of losses 



Extended observations in all of the Southern States between 

 189 1 an(3 - ^9^5 warrant the conclusion that if all of the pine that 

 has been killed, during this time by the southern pine beetle were 

 living its stumpage value would amount to over $50,000,000. Studies 

 of the depredations wrought by this beetle in the South Atlantic and 

 Gulf States in the years I90S to 1Q11 indicate that at least $2,000,000 

 worth of pine was killed by it during that time. In I922 and I923 

 extensive outbreaks were again reported or observed, and there is con- 

 stant danger that the beetle may this year (I925) multiply to the danger 

 po int . 



Control Measures 



Owing to the influence of weather conditions on the southern 

 pine beetle, direct methods of control are recommended with much 

 diffidence. It is evident that these beetles increase from a 

 status of rarity to that of destructive abundance in a remarkably 

 short time. On the other hand, if heavy rains come they as quickly 

 disappear and the effort and money spent in control are wasted. It 

 seems reasonable, however, to believe that if the situation is 

 taken in hand at the outset and the insects thoroughly and persist- 

 ently destroyed it will be impossible for them to increase as 

 rapidly as if nothing had been done, rnd considerable timber will 

 be save d. 



In such control the main objective is to destroy the broods 

 developing in the bark of the tree, thus preventing them from 

 emerging as beetles and destroying other lix T ing trees. This can 

 be accomplished by several methods, aS follows: 



1. Felling and logging infested trees and removing the 

 logs to a sawmill. The logs should be immediately sawn and the 

 slabs burned. 



2. Felling infested trees and placing the logs in water 

 in a sunny location. The water kills the beetles on the under 

 surface and the hot sun destroys those on the top of the log. 



Methods 1 a.nd 2 are especially recommended where practical, 

 since they permit salvage of the lumber which otherwise would be 

 rapidly destroyed by borers and timber bee tie s. 



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