E-30 jjp UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



(1 BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY, 



\ \ / rA WASHINGTON, D. C. 



forest entomology 6. March 27, 1916. 



Brief Information on 

 PREVENTION OF INSECT INJURIES TO CRUDE FOREST PRODUCTS. 



Character of Injury.- Newly felled trees, saw logs, telegraph poles, posts and 

 like material, cut in the fall and winter and left on the ground or in close 

 piles with the bark on during a few weeks or months in the spring and summer as 

 well as those cue during the spring and summer offer conditions most favorable 

 to attack by insects which are detrimental to the wood. The presence of bark 

 is absolutely necessary for successful infestation by most of the wood-boring 

 grubs, because the eggs s.nd young stages must occupy the bark before the later 

 can enter the wood. A large percentage of the Injury to tnis class of products 

 can be prevented, as follows: 



Prevention.- (l) Provide for as little delay as possible between the felling of 



the tree and its manufacture into rough produces. This is especially necessary 

 with trees felled from April to September in the region north of the Gulf States 

 and from March to November in the latter, while the late fall and winter cuttings 

 should all be worked up by March or April. 



(2) Do not leave the round timbers in the woods, or on the skidways during 

 the danger period, or, if this is unavoidable, take every precaution to facilitate 

 the rapid drying of the inner bark by keeping the logs, bolts, cordwood, etc. 



off the ground, in the sun, or in loose piles, or else, if possible, the opposite 

 extreme should be adopted and the logs kept in water. 



(3) Damage to products cut from saplings can be prevented by transporting 

 the material from the woods soon after it is cut, so that it will not be left 

 in piles or bundles in or near the forest during the season of insect activity. 

 Damage may also be prevented if care is taken not to leave the material stored 

 in one place for several months. 



(4) Pinhole damage to stave and shingle bolts cut during a warm season can 

 be prevented by removing the bark from the timber as soon as it is felled and 



by converting the bolts into the smallest practicable dimensions and piling them 

 in such a manner as to facilitate rapid drying. 



(5) Damage to unseasoned handle and wagon stock in the rough can be pre- 

 yen ted as in Paragraph S. This is especially necessary with hickory and ash 

 if cut during the winter and spring. 



(6) Damage to pulpwood and cordwood can be prevented to a great extent by 

 placing the sticks of wood in triangular or crib piles immediately after they 

 are cut from the trees, especially if the timber is cut during the danger peri- 

 od, or must be held for a few months during the warm season. Peeling -or split- 

 ting the wood, or both, before it is piled will also provide against damage from 

 insects. 



A. D. HOPKINS, 



Forest Entomologist. 



