48 



point; rather symmetrical. Strongly fortified on one side at a point not 

 attached. Intermediate form between varieties Oliviere and Lucques. The 

 fruit changes (passes) in color from light green to wine red, then to red 

 black. The surface carries a number of spots, specks, variegations suffi- 

 ciently visible. Little like a plum. 



Skin, fine, pulp abundant, of a dark red color, fleshy. 



Kernel (pit), small, very elongated, pointed at both extremities, with a 

 more pronounced curvature than is generally found in most olives. Tree 

 of average maturity. 



OBSERVATIONS. 



The Picholine is widely known (spread) in certain parts of Province, 

 particularly so in the neighborhood of Aix, Tarascon, Marsville. One like- 

 wise encounters it again frequently in Languedoc, but only by its name, as 

 it is only a secondary variety there ; perhaps also in some localities of the 

 department of Gard. It is a variety yielding a good and regular produc- 

 tion, being rather hardy (rustic), it is able to stand severe amputations, to 

 which it has been subjected at Hante Province. It is cultivated sometimes 

 for its oil, but much more often for the purpose of having the fruit picked 

 green, having its commercial value in view as a (pickle) preserve. The 

 Picholine is a very delicate olive, as much prized as the Olive " Verdale" 

 for table use, and which is sold often under the name of " Lucques," but 

 resembling it a little only in form. 



Saillern.* 

 (Figure No. 2, Plate I.) 



Synonymes— Saillerne (Niraes). Sargene. Olea ninor, rotunda, rubro-nigrigans, Turne- 

 fort, Olea Atro-rubens, Flor. Monsp. 



DESCRIPTION. 



A very hardy tree, middling or tall, spreading out; trunk very big, en- 

 larged at the base; the bark comes off lengthwise in thin strips of blackish 

 color; the main limbs are horizontal or slightly set up; shoots very numer- 

 ous ; it is one of the varieties which put forth the greatest number. Branches 

 pretty vigorous, generally in limited quantity, big, much bulged out at the 

 insertion, of dirty yellow color, longitudinally striated and covered with 

 apparent and pretty numerous freckles ; wood decidedly canaliculate ; knots 

 little prominent. 



Leaf, lanceolate, regular, short, relatively large (mean length six to seven 

 centim., width one and one quarter to one and one half centim.); upper 

 face shining light green, a little wrinkled; under face covered with a dirty 

 white coating pretty abundant. Limbs not very thick, flexible ; nerves well 

 delineated on upper face. Mucron well marked on the wide point of the 

 leaf; hard, short, bent round. Petiole big, short, bent over, bringing the 

 leaves upon one another on the same side of the branch. 



The leaf is nearly flat, the edges but slightly drawn back. The cover 

 of the tree, little provided with leaves, on the inside is always tolerably 

 thin. 



Fruits, for the most time isolated, occasionally grouped in twos, on two- 

 year-old branches. Peduncle long (fruits hanging down), inserted in a 

 light depression of the fruit; stigma persistent in a well marked umbilic. 



*Fruited in this State this year under one of its synonymes of Atro-Rubens. 



