49 



Olive, pretty small (length, one and one half to two centim., width, one 

 to one and one quarter centim.) , nearly ovoid, a trifle oblong, slightly bulged 

 out on one side. The fruit is deep black when ripe and very hoary; skin 

 thin; pulp not abundant nor fleshy, juicy, colored a deep vinous red; pit 

 big, of same form as the olive; tree of middling maturity. 



OBSERVATIONS. 



The Saillem is pretty much cultivated in Province, principally about 

 Aix, and in Languedoc. 



It is a delicate tree, sensitive to cold, and consequently not many old 

 plantations of this kind can be found. It is nevertheless a meritorious 

 variety, especially on account of the excellent quality of its oil. It brings 

 out fair crops, bears most every year, and deserves to be planted in the 

 situations and localities where the winters are never very severe. The 

 Saillem is almost exclusively grown for the sake of its oil. 



Rouget.* 

 (Figure No. 3, Plate II.) 



Synonymes. — Rougette (Montpellier, Beaucaire). Rousseoun (Avignon); Marveilletto 

 (Manosque). Pigau or Rougette, Laure (Bouches-du-rhone). Vermillau (Gard), (?) 

 Caillose, Cayonne, Rougeolle (Toulon). Olea rubicans (Rozier). 



DESCRIPTION. 



This tree is hardy, half erect, and a rapid grower under favorable cir- 

 cumstances; trunk cylindrical, canaliculate; bark blackish gray, wrinkled; 

 the main limbs are either horizontal or upright; the forms of a vase or a 

 ball are the most favorable to its development; shoots very numerous. 



Branches, numerous, even on the old wood, hardy, long, thin, horizontal 

 or semi-erect, of a dull gray, wrinkled, covered with many small, regularly 

 distributed freckles; wood irregularly furrowed, even on old branches; 

 knots prominent. 



Leaf, lanceolate, pretty short, large (mean length five and one half to 

 six and one half centim., width one to one and one fourth centim.); upper 

 face deep green, with pretty numerous punctures stamped on the edges; 

 under slightly coated, greenish white; limbs thick, with edges slightly 

 drawn back; nerves little marked on both faces; mucron tender, little 

 prominent, but well defined in the plane of the leaf. 



Petiole, short, very thick. The leaves are very numerous and the cover 

 thick, of deep color; inserted perpendicularly on the branches, the leaves 

 present out their upper face; the result is that the tree is of a deep hue, and 

 can be recognized readily at a distance. 



Fruits, distributed on the whole length of the two-year old branches, more 

 numerous at the base; isolated or in groups of two, three, or four. 



Peduncle, pretty long, big enough, entering into a shallow depression; 

 stigma little apparent. Olive under middle size or small (length one and 

 one half to two centim., width one to one and one fourth centim.), ovoid 

 in form, narrowed in towards both ends; the fruit remains light red for a 

 long time, then turns to a reddish black; some olives remain red till the 

 general ripens, hence its characteristic name of Rouget. It is speckled 



* Fruited this year under one of its synonymes of Cayonne. 



4 b 



