FA M I L Y TURDI DAE 



147 



ington and Oregon. It migrates through California to winter primarily 

 in western Mexico. There are 2 specimens of nominate ustalatus from 

 Panama in the Smithsonian collection, from El Volcan, Chiriqtri, col- 

 lected March 17, 1965, and February 26, 1960. 



CATHARUS USTULATUS OEDICUS (Oberholser) 



Hylochichla ustulata uedica Oberholser, 1899, Auk, 16, p. 23. (Santa Barbara, 

 California.) 



Characters. — Upper surface grayer and paler than that of nominate 

 ustulatus and huffier, less olivaceous, than swainsoni. 



measurements. — Males (10 from California, Oregon, and Wash- 

 ington), wing 92.0-100.8 (95.2), tail 66.1-74.5 (71.9), culmen from 

 base 12.9-13.9 (13.5), tarsus 25.3-29.1 (27.7) mm. 



Females (8 from California and Washington), wing 89.0-96.5 

 (93.1), tail 64.8-74.7 (69.9), culmen from base 12.7-14.9 (13.5), tar- 

 sus 26.7-29.9 (28.1) mm. 



This race breeds in California, southwest Oregon, and along the 

 east slopes of the Cascade range to northern Washington. It winters 

 from Arizona south to southern Mexico. I have not found any refer- 

 ences in the literature to its occurence farther south, but 1 specimen 

 in the Smithsonian collection, USNM no. 457921, seems best assigned 

 to this race. It is a male collected by Frank A. Hartman at El Volcan, 

 Chiriqui, on March 2, 1953. 



CATHARUS USTULATUS SWAINSONI (TschudiJ 



Turdus Szvainsoni Tschudi, 1845, Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 28; new name for Merula 

 zi'ilsonii Swainson, nec Turdus wilsonii Bonaparte (Carlton House, Saskatche- 

 wan.) 



Characters. — Upper surface olive-brown, distinctly less gray than 

 C. it. almae. 



Measurements. — Males (10 from Labrador, Nova Scotia, and 

 Maine), wing 98.1-102.6 (100.7), tail 66.2-72.2 (68.3), culmen from 

 base 15.6-17.6 (17.0), tarsus 26.5-92.3 (27.9) mm. 



Females (10 from Labrador, Quebec, Manitoba, Alberta, Maine, 

 and Montana), wing 93.2-103.0 (97.9), tail 64.5-70.0 (67.2), culmen 

 from base 15.9-17.5 ( 16.7) , tarsus 27.0-28.8 (27.8) mm. 



This race breeds from eastern Alberta to the Atlantic Coast, through 

 Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and southern Labrador 

 south to northern New England and in the Appalachians from New 



