200 



BIRDS OF THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA PART 4 



observed the species in 1971 at Nueva Gorgona Beach, a few miles to 

 the east of Playa Coronado. Another locality where the species has 

 been found recently by Eisenmann and others is the hill country above 

 Santa Fe, Veraguas. 



CYCLARHIS GUJANENSIS SUBFLAVESCENS Cabanis 



Cyclorhis subflavescens Cabanis, 1861, Journ. f. Ornith., 8 (1860), p. 405. (High- 

 lands of Costa Rica.) 



Characters. — Gray of side of face continues behind crown to form 

 band on upper back; chin and upper throat white; lower throat, upper 

 breast, and flanks strontian yellow; lower breast to undertail coverts 

 white. 



A male collected March 18, 1965, at El Volcan, Chiriqui had the iris 

 light orange; maxilla light grayish brown, with distal end of culmen 

 changing to dull black; mandibular rami dark neutral gray; anterior 

 half of mandible ivory-white; tarsus and toes pale brown; claws light 

 brownish neutral gray. 



Measurements. — Males (10 from Chiriqui), wing 71.8-76.8 (73.5), 

 tail 54.4-60.1 (56.7), culmen from base 16.8- 19.8 (17.7), tarsus 20.9- 

 26.1 (22.5) mm. 



Females (5 from Chiriqui and Costa Rica), wing 72.4-77.5 (75.3), 

 tail 56.7-60.1 (57.7), culmen from base 16.7-19.0 (17.8), tarsus 20.7- 

 26.1 (22.4) mm. 



Resident. Fairly common in foothills and highlands of Chiriqui, 

 840-2460 m. Known from the Volcan de Chiriqui ever since Arce 

 collected it there (Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 184), it 

 has also been collected at Boquete by W. W. Brown, Jr. (Bangs, Proc. 

 New England Zool. Club, vol. 3, 1902, p. 59) and Davidson (Proc. 

 Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, vol. 23, no. 17, 1938, p. 260). I have en- 

 countered peppershrikes at these localities and also at Cerro Pando. It 

 is always highly vocal, but difficult to observe. 



In Costa Rica, Skutch (Publ. Nuttall Orn. Club, no. 7, 1967, p. 

 126-128) found nests between March 27 and early June. He describes 

 the eggs as white, sparsely speckled on the thick end with small dots of 

 bright brown. The only nest recorded from Panama was discovered 

 by Worth (Auk, 1938, p. 539-540) on July 3, 1937, at El Volcan (1230 

 m). The nest was in a coffee grove in a large clearing in the jungle, 

 and was built largely of a moss abundant on neighboring branches. It 

 was attached to two forking twigs near the trunk, hung in typical vireo 

 fashion, but woven more heavily and coarsely. The nest contained 2 



