FAMILY TJIRAUPIDAE 



421 



fairly well, the young leave the nest. This species has a long breeding 

 season — in Costa Rica from February to September — during which it 

 may often raise two broods. Skutch has observed young from the first 

 nest assisting the parents in feeding the young in a second nest. 



TANGARA LARVATA FANNY (Lafresnaye) 



Aglaia Fanny Lafresnaye, 1847, Rev. Zool. [Parish 10, p. 72. (Buenaventura, 

 Choco, Colombia.) 



Characters. — Similar to T. 1. franciscae in color of cheeks, but with 

 the light edging on primaries and coverts much reduced or absent, and 

 the deep blue of the flanks mostly absent, the flanks being almost en- 

 tirely turquoise. 



A female collected at Puerto Obaldia, San Bias, on February 18, 

 1963, had the iris dark brown; bill black; tarsus, toes, and claws dusky 

 neutral gray. 



Measurements. — Males (10 from eastern Panama), wing 64.8-70.3 

 (68.5), tail 39.6-46.7 (43.8), culmen from base 10.6-12.2 (11.4), 

 tarsus 15.8-17.6 (16.5) mm. 



Females (10 from eastern Panama and Colombia), wing 64.2-69.0 

 (66.5), tail 41.4-46.1 (43.3), culmen from base 10.7-12.0 (11.4), tar- 

 sus 14.5-16.8 (15.9) mm. 



Resident. Common in the lowlands on the Pacific slope from the 

 Canal Zone, and on the Caribbean slope from western Cocle (Chilar on 

 the Rio Indio) east to Colombia and western Ecuador. It is scarce in 

 the Canal Zone, where Ridgely has never found it, but more common 

 eastward. In the higher mountains of Darien, it is found as high as 

 Cana ( 1445 m) . Along the western edge of the range most specimens 

 show a slight edging of blue on part or all of the black primary coverts, 

 but where present this is less extensive than in franciscae. In eastern 

 Panama, this trace largely disappears. Most of the birds from the Canal 

 Zone area are intermediate or more like franciscae in having the deep 

 blue in the flanks. 



A male I collected at El Real, Darien, on January 25, 1964, was in 

 near breeding condition. A female I took at Puerto Obaldia, San Bias, 

 on February 18, 1963, was laying. Chapman (Life in an Air Castle, 

 1938, p. 242) found it nesting at Barro Colorado Island in the Canal 

 Zone between February and May. Dorothy M. Hobson (Year Book 

 Indiana Aud. Soc, vol. 26, 1948, p. 23) observed a pair collecting nest 

 material at Barro Colorado on July 13, 1947. Eisenmann (Condor, 

 1957, p. 257) discovered a pair there using the abandoned nest of a 



