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BIRDS OF THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA PART 4 



The White-winged Tanager inhabits forests and forest edges. 

 Ridgely (in litt.) notes that occasionally it comes to patches of woods 

 around Volcan, Chiriqui. Most of the times I have seen this species it 

 was high in trees, often foraging with other small birds, and moving 

 very much like a warbler. A call note chick-ut is the only vocalization 

 I have heard. 



CHLOROTHRAUPIS CARMIOLI (Lawrence): Carmiol's Tanager, 

 Frutero Aceitunado 



Medium size; upper surface entirely yellowish green; undersurface 

 mostly greenish yellow. 



Description. — Length 150-161 mm. Adult (sexes alike), entire up- 

 per surface, including wing coverts and tail, dark yellowish green; side 

 of head slightly lighter; greenish yellow, becoming green on flanks; 

 underwing coverts greenish yellow. 



Carmiol's Tanager is a common inhabitant of undergrowth in humid 

 forests and forest borders in the foothills of the Caribbean slope and 

 more locally on the Pacific slope from Veraguas eastward. Three races 

 are found in Panama: the nominate form, which occurs only in the Al- 

 mirante Bay area of Bocas del Toro, and ranges north on the Caribbean 

 slope to Nicaraugua, magnirostris of Veraguas and Code, and lutescens 

 of the Canal Zone area eastward to Darien. Another race is found in 

 southern Colombia and southeastern Peru. 



This tanager moves through the undergrowth in noisy groups that 

 utter a variety of chattering and scolding calls. The groups vary in 

 size from a few individuals to up to a hundred, such as a flock I saw 

 once at Cerro Azul, Panama. Only occasionally are they joined by 

 other species, most often by Tachyphonus delattrii. Many observers 

 have remarked on the similarity of their calls to those of Turdus grayi. 

 I was surprised to discover that this species also has a song of clear, 

 whistled notes that sounds much like that of the Cardinal (CardinaJis 

 cardinalis) . The stomach of one I collected contained fragments of a 

 large beetle. Five weighed by Karr (Condor, 1971, p. 110) at Cerro 

 Azul were between 32.4 and 34.5 g. 



CHLOROTHRAUPIS CARMIOLI CARMIOLI (Lawrence) 



PJiocnicothmapis carmioli Lawrence, 1868, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, 9, 

 p. 100. (Angostura, Costa Rica.) 



Characters. — Undersurface more greenish, less yellow, than in any 

 other race. 



