FAMILY Til RAUPIDAE 



467 



although not as yellow (in most females of fuscicauda the crown stripe 

 is absent or inconspicuous). The throat is more orange than in most 

 females of fuscicauda (in H. rubica the throat is greenish) . This speci- 

 men may be an aberrant immature male H. f. willisi. 



LANIO LEUCOTHRORAX Salvin: White-throated Shrike-Tanager, 

 Frutero Follajero Gargantiblanco 



Lanio lencothorax Salvin, 1864, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 581. (Tucurriqui, 

 Costa Rica.) 



Medium sized; bill hooked at tip; male, upper surface black with 

 yellow triangle on upper back; most of undersurface yellow; female, 

 upper surface brown; undersurface mostly yellow. 



Description. — Length 178-200 mm. Adult male, sides of head and 

 entire upper surface, including wings and tail, black, except for rich 

 yellow triangle on upper back and white innermost wing coverts (some- 

 times concealed); forechin black; throat white, becoming pale buff on 

 breast; abdomen and undertail coverts black; underwing coverts white. 



Adult female, crown brownish olive, becoming bright brown on back, 

 brightest on rump; feathers of wings and tail dusky, edged brown; 

 sides of head dark gray; throat and upper breast pinkish buff tinged 

 gray; rest of undersurface dull yellow, tinged brown on flanks and un- 

 dertail coverts; underwing coverts light brown. 



This species is rare and local in Panama. One race, ictus, is known 

 only from the Boquete Trail in Bocas del Toro, where it was collected 

 in 1926 and 1928. Another form, melanopygius, occurs in the Pacific 

 lowlands and foothills of Chiriqui and Veraguas, and adjacent Costa 

 Rica. Other races are found from northwestern Costa Rica to eastern 

 Honduras, and the very closely related L. aurantius, with which leuco- 

 thorax may be conspecific, ranges from Honduras north to southeastern 

 Mexico. 



The shrike-tanager is a bird of forest and forest borders. At Puerto 

 Armuelles, Chiriqui, I once found a pair at the border of a small tract 

 of forest in an area where the tree crown was high and space below was 

 open except for long vines that stretched down in loops toward the 

 ground. The birds perched on them or on branches below the crown, 

 at intervals making forays among the leaves, where they perched briefly 

 and then came back to the more open section again. I admired their 

 active, sweeping flights. I found small orthoptera and small homop- 

 tera in the stomachs of the specimens I obtained. The tongue is narrow 

 and sharply pointed. Slud (Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. vol. 128, 



