FAMILY THRAUPIDAE 



497 



ern Panama, is well isolated from the other populations of this species, 

 which range from Colombia to northern Bolivia. 



CHLOROSPINGUS PILEATUS Salvin: Sooty-capped Bush-tanager, 

 Frutero Rastrojero Cabecicenizo 



Chlorospingus pileatus Salvin, 1864, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 581. (Irazu, 

 Costa Rica.) 



Chlorospingus pileatus diversus Griscom, 1924, Amer. Mus. Novit, no. 141, p. 11. 

 (Cerro Flores, alt. 6000 ft., eastern Chiriqui, Panama.) 



Small; head blackish with long white stripe from eye to nape; rest 

 of upper surface olive; throat and belly white; breast and sides greenish 

 yellow. 



Description. — Length 131-143 mm. Adult (sexes alike), crown and 

 sides of head sooty blackish, with prominent white stripe from eye to 

 nape; rest of upper surface olive; throat white, with two indistinct 

 blackish stripes on sides; belly whitish, rest of undersurface greenish 

 yellow. 



A female taken February 24, 1965, at Volcan de Chiriqui, Chiriqui, 

 had the iris red; bill black; tarsus, toes, and claws fuscous-black. 



Measurements. — Males (10 from Chiriqui), wing 65.0-73.2 (68.3), 

 tail 58.4-65.8 (62.1), oilmen from base 12.2-14.0 (13.0), tarsus 20.5- 

 22.4 (21.5) mm. 



Females (10 from Chiriqui), wing 60.5-69.8 (65.3), tail 57.6-66.8 

 (61.1), oilmen from base 12.0-14.3 (13.5), tarsus 21.3-22.7 (22.0) 

 mm. 



Resident. Fairly common in the highlands of Chiriqui and in Costa 

 Rica. Around the Volcan de Chiriqui it has been collected from 1800 

 m (Blake, Fieldiana: Zool., vol. 36, no. 5, 1958, pp. 568-569) to 2850 m, 

 where I took 1 on March 9, 1965. Ridgely (in litt.) has found it at 

 1600 m (Bambito). 



This species inhabits forest, forest borders, and clearings. In the 

 breeding season it is usually encountered singly or in bands of up to 6 

 individuals; later, these groups will join to form flocks of up to 40 

 birds. The birds forage from near ground-level to 12 m, but mainly 

 from 3 to 6 m from the ground. They feed on insects and fruit. As the 

 flocks move through the trees, individuals emit a variety of squeaking 

 and twittering notes (Johnson and Brush, Systematic Zoology, vol. 21, 

 no. 3, 1972, p. 249). This species is also often a member of mixed 

 foraging flocks (Ridgely, 1976, p. 328). 



The race diversus described by Griscom from Cerro Flores in eastern 



