528 



BIRDS OF THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA PART 4 



22. Breast gray 23 



Breast white. 



Striped-headed Brush-finch, Atlapetes torquatus. p. 591 



23. Crown black. 



Black-headed Saltator, Saltator atriceps lacertosus. p. 530 

 Crown streaked gray and black. 



Black-striped Sparrow, Arremonops conirostris. p. 603 



24. Upper surface streaked brown or black 25 



Upper surface unstreaked 30 



25. Underwing coverts white or dusky 26 



Underwing coverts orange or rosy. 



female or basic plumage male Rose-breasted Grosbeak, 



Pheucticus ludovicianus. p. 547 



26. Bend of wing yellow 27 



Bend of wing dusky or white 28 



27. Small, less than 120 mm. 



Grasshopper Sparrow, Ammodramus savannarum. p. 606 

 Large, more than 160 mm. 

 Wedge-tailed Grass-finch, Emberizoides herbicola hypochondriacus. p. 616 



28. Throat white or streaked 29 



Throat gray. 



Volcano Junco, J unco vulcani. p. 609 



29. Reddish brown nuchal collar. 



Rufous-collared Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis costaricensis. p. 611 

 No distinct nuchal collar. 



Lincoln's Sparrow, Zonotrichia lincolnii lincolnii. p. 615 



30. Plumage primarily brown or dusky 44 



Plumage primarily blue, black, or gray 31 



31. Plumage primarily black or gray 35 



Plumage primarily blue 32 



32. Large, more than 140 mm 33 



Small, less than 125 mm 34 



33. Wing coverts edged with brown. 



male Blue Grosbeak, Passerina caerulea caerulea. p. 552 

 Wing coverts black, edged with dark blue. 



male Blue-black Grosbeak, Passerina cyanoides. p. 548 



34. Uniform gray-blue. 



male Blue Seedeater, Amaurospiza concolor concolor. p. 579 

 Bright blue, darkest on head. 



male Indigo Bunting, Passerina cyanella. p. 553 



35. Small, less than 140 mm 37 



Large, more than 170 mm 36 



36. Breast rosy. 



alternate plumage male Rose-breasted Grosbeak, 



Pheucticus ludovicianus. p. 547 



Throat white, surrounded by black border. 



Slate-colored Grosbeak, Pitylus grossus saturatus. p. 544 



37. Plumage primarily gray 42 



