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TWENTY-EIGHTH FRUIT-GROWERS' CONVENTION. 



would never use again. I was once a very stout advocate of it. I am 

 happy to change my mind when occasion comes to require it. I used 

 to favor fumigation tremendously. I don't favor it a bit now, and I 

 would never use kerosene emulsion any more, for the reason which I 

 will give in a moment. Now, the gentleman mentions distillate, and 

 his distillate means the distillate spray. Many of you have tried it and 

 know of its value. It seems to me it is a wonderful insecticide. I have 

 been surprised and astonished at its efficacy. The kerosene emulsion 

 was faulty in this, that if the emulsion was not properly mixed 

 it did a great deal of harm. It would be all kerosene, and then there 

 would be no kerosene; everything would rise to the top, and below there 

 would be no kerosene. And that faulty emulsion has been so often 

 used that the kerosene emulsion has lost favor, and rightly so. 



MR. BERWICK. It was not the emulsion's fault. 



PROFESSOR COOK. Yes, it was; because it is so very difficult to 

 make it, and Professor Riley did so much in that direction that his old 

 formula, which is a very faulty one, has always been adhered to. I 

 want to say that with cold and hard water you can't get any emulsion 

 with that old formula. If you have got soft water and water warm or 

 tepid you can get an emulsion; otherwise you can't. In the old kero- 

 sene emulsion we never used less than one twenty-fifth kerosene, and I 

 used to put in as high as one twelfth. One twenty-fifth, I think, was 

 the weakest I ever heard of anybody recommending it. With this dis- 

 tillate spray they use one fiftieth of the distillate, and itis marvelous what 

 it does. I took one day, from an orchard where they were spraying, the 

 leaves with the eggs of the red spider on them, treated in three ways: one 

 with sulphur, one with distillate, and one with a wash, which I think 

 probably was a resin wash. I put the leaves in confinement, and not a 

 single egg hatched from either the spray with the distillate or with this 

 other wash, whatever it may be, but those with the sulphur almost every 

 egg hatched. The distillate spray has only been used one year, and still it 

 is wonderfully effective, and in many places has given better satisfaction 

 than fumigation. Now, there is one thing that works against this 

 distillate spray, and that is, where xhe foliage is so dense as it is in the 

 orange orchard, to get it on everything. The great point is "Dash!" 

 It has to go on so that when it strikes the leaves it will fly everywhere. 

 That is going to be the great point in favor of the distillate spray. For 

 that reason, we ought not to have too large a nozzle and too little 

 pressure. I am inclined to think that fumigation is going to go before 

 it, although I am not ready to say that yet. 



MR. BISHOP. I want to state my experience with distillate spray. 

 I am favorable to it; I believe pretty near what Professor Cook says. 

 But I employed a professional distillate sprayer, with good machinery, 

 and I believe he is capable, to spray a little, just to see its effect and the 



