156 



TWENTY-ETGHTH FRUIT-GROWERS' CONVENTION. 



PRESIDENT COOPER. How about lemons? What per cent is 

 used for spraying lemons? 



A MEMBER. Mr. Allen of San Diego has used very successfully & 

 per cent on lemons, but found it too strong for oranges. Not more than 

 2 per cent should be used for oranges, and sometimes hardly that. 



PRESIDENT COOPER. Mr. Frank Collis, please answer that 

 question — the percentage of distillate spray used on oranges, lemons,, 

 and rose bushes. 



MR. COLLIS. I always used 3 per cent of distillate on lemons — I 

 have no oranges to spray — and I found it very effective and without 

 doing any injury whatever. I understand that the sprayers down south 

 use a 2 per cent mixture on oranges. Why they use it weaker on 

 oranges than on lemons I can't state. On roses I would not use it to 

 kill aphids, which are very easily killed. If I used it at all, it would 

 not be more than one half per cent, because aphids are very easily 

 killed, and rose bushes can not stand a strong spray of any kind. A 

 good soapsuds spray will kill the aphis eggs just as well as distillate or 

 anything else. 



MR. BERWICK. Might I remark on one of yesterday's essays? 

 PRESIDENT COOPER. It is in order. 



MR. BERWICK. There was a talk yesterday regarding apple culture 

 in this southern region. I believe the scientists have a maxim that 

 altitude is equal to latitude. That means that by getting up high you 

 can get a cool climate in a tropical region. And I don't see why you 

 people should not raise apples on your heights, as you are trying to do, 

 except for one reason. When you get up high I think it is rather hard 

 to get irrigating water. I am not familiar with your hillsides here, but 

 I should judge that on most of your hillsides suitable for apple-growing 

 it would be rather hard to get water, and I think your annual rainfall 

 is insufficient to grow good, juicy apples. I live in the Carmel Valley. 

 Our average there is thirteen and a fraction inches, and we supplement 

 that with all the water we can get, in the winter time more especially. 

 It was also mentioned that the Bellflower was the one apple produced in 

 the Pajaro Valley. The Pajaro Valley also produces in large quantities 

 the Yellow. Newtown Pippin, one of the best winter apples grown in Cali- 

 fornia, one of the highest-priced dessert apples in the world. I doubt if 

 you people here would find it profitable to compete with the Pajaro 

 Valley, because the conditions there are favorable to the production of 

 fruit, except one — that is, nature has been so lavish there that the 

 orchardists have become lazy and allowed the bugs to get a very strong 

 hold, so that last year they lost as high as 50 per cent of their apples 

 by the codling-moth. But Professor Woodworth is here to-day. I think 

 he could tell us something about that. He is engaged in investigat- 

 ing there and knows more regarding these things than I do. 



