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Sierra Club Bulletin. 



remainder, it is apparent that this book comes not a moment too soon. 

 There surely is something absurdly wrong about the fact that the 

 nation whose totem is the eagle and whose thanksgiving divinity is the 

 turkey should be doing its best to exterminate them as completely as 

 California has exterminated its totem, the grizzly bear. If a single 

 specimen of the latter is still alive it will have to be sought in the 

 zoological garden in Berlin! This book deserves wide reading and is 

 almost sure to run through many editions. W. F. B. 



"Wild Life and What aid the camera may render the naturalist is 

 THE Camera." * remarkably shown in this very attractive volume by 

 A. Radclyffe Dugmore. Perhaps the most interest- 

 ing phase of his pursuit is the opportunity it affords to study the 

 individual characters of the birds and animals he has so successfully 

 photographed in their natural surroundings in the open. A firm be- 

 liever in animal intelligence, Mr. Dugmore is far from carrying his 

 theories to the extravagant lengths of some writers. His views are 

 presented modestly and are based on actual observation of many in- 

 dividuals of the same species. 



Speaking of the concealment of bird's nests for the protection of 

 their young, he says, *Tn taking these precautions the bird may be said 

 to be simply following out the habits of its nature, so that it does 

 come under the heading of that much-abused word 'instinct.' But at 

 times birds are forced to resort to remarkable expedients that their 

 eggs and young may be protected. Then it is that we see a display of 

 what can only be termed intelligence : a careful weighing of existing 

 conditions and formulating of plans to outwit enemies." He cites an 

 instance, illustrated with photographs, of a pair of red-eyed vireos 

 who entirely rebuilt their nest to rid themselves of an egg laid there 

 by a parasitic cowbird. Tameness among wild creatures Mr. Dugmore 

 believes to be "a quality ... of the natural disposition of the indi- 

 vidual. . . . With some birds I have spent days in trying to convince 

 them that I intended no harm . . . others of the same species became 

 accustomed to my presence after less than an hour." 



The chapters devoted to the birds are all delightful. Wonderfully 

 appealing and attractive are the photographs of parent birds and nest- 

 lings. Among the chapters on fishing, that relating to the golden trout 

 will particularly interest Sierra Club members. "In point of beauty," 

 Mr. Dugmore thinks, "the golden trout should be given first place 

 among the freshwater fish of North America . . . the most exquisite, 

 dainty and wonderfully colored." 



The Caribou Migration of Newfoundland, the tracks of animals in the 

 snow, and the story of a porcupine and a possum hunt are among 

 other good things in this book. It has not a dull page in it and the 

 photographic illustrations cannot be too highly praised. M. R. P. 



* Wild Life and the Camera. By A. Radcliffe Dugmore, F. R. G. S. J. B. 

 Lippincott Company, Philadelphia. 1912. Illustrated. 332 pages. Price, $2.00 net. 



