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Farm Institutes. 



of the longest course embraces the science and practice of 

 cheese-making, butter-making, production and handling of 

 milk, feeding of dairy stock, elementary chemistry and bac- 

 teriology, with poultry keeping and domestic science as sub- 

 sidiary subjects. The short courses are devoted chiefly to prac- 

 tical work in the dairy, with a few lectures on the principles 

 underlying the practical work. These short courses also include 

 poultry keeping, elementary horticulture and domestic science, 

 and are designed to give the best all-round training to the 

 womenfolk of the farm in the shortest time. 



Newton Eigg is not at the experimental stage but has long 

 since won for itself an important place in the sphere of agricul- 

 tural education. Over 1,120 students have passed through the 

 school, over 90 per cent, of whom have been absorbed into 

 practical agriculture. 



Farm and Stock. — The farm serves as the central ex- 

 perimental farm for the two counties. It lies on red sand- 

 stone and comprises 167 acres of good medium loam, 80 acres 

 being arable, and 87 pasture. Extensive trials are carried out 

 with different varieties of cereals and roots, and experiments 

 are also conducted in the manuring of crops, the laying down 

 of pastures, the manuring of grass land and the feeding of 

 stock. A herd of dual-purpose Shorthorns is maintained with 

 the object of grading up a heavy milking herd of pedigree 

 stock, and a small flying flock of ewes of different crosses is 

 kept, these being mated with rams of different breeds to make 

 possible a comparison of the merits of different crosses for the 

 production of fat lambs. A small pedigree herd of Cumberland 

 pigs has also been established, and a few Large Black pigs are 

 kept with a view to comparing the merits of these breeds when 

 fed on the outdoor system. 



Poultry Keeping and Horticulture. — During the winter 

 months lectures on horticultural subjects are given at local 

 centres, and short courses are arranged. In addition to an 

 excellent fruit plot and vegetable garden at Newton Rigg, there 

 are eight demonstration plots at Lyth, Brampton and Abbey- 

 town where various experiments are conducted from time to 

 time. Many visits are paid each year to private and school 

 gardens, and the advisory work done by the staff in this con- 

 nection is considerable. The allotment plot, which is cropped 

 in accordance with the Ministry's scheme, has been a great 

 success, and during the summer and autumn supplies vegetables 

 regularlv to the school. 



