1922.] Cost ok Manual Labour in Milk Production 



411 



In the meantime, the Bulletin under notice will repay the 

 careful study of investigators and agriculturists, containing, 

 as it does, a mass of new and accurate data on a much debated 

 problem. 



****** 



THE COST OF MANUAL LABOUR IN 

 MILK PRODUCTION. 



A. G. Ruston, B.A.. D.Sc, 

 Lecturer in Farm Economics, the University of Leeds, 



and 



R. S. Setojs, B.Sc, 

 Professor of Agriculture. 



The labour bills in the cost of milk production may be divided 

 into (1) direct and (2) indirect charges. 



The direct charges will include the cost of labour required 

 for direct attention — milking, feeding, grooming, cleaning out 

 the byres, bedding down the cows, scalding and cleaning the milk 

 utensils and attention to the stock bull. 



The indirect labour charges will include the cost of the labour 

 utilised in the production of that part of the home-grown foods 

 fed to the cows. 



Since the year 1908, considerable time and attention have 

 been devoted in the Department of Agriculture of the University 

 of Leeds, to investigating the varying costs of milk production 

 in a large number of herds in different parts of Yorkshire. As a 

 result of these investigations it may be stated : — 



a. That one man has on the average been fully employed 



during the winter months in direct attention to ... 12 cows, 



daring the summer months to ... ... ... 18 cows. 



and during the whole year to ... ... ... 16 cows. 



Tn other words., each cow has on the average required for 

 direct attention the whole-time labour of one man for 23 days 

 per year. 



