1920.] 



Buildings for Small Holders. 



477 



At Bosbury the existing buildings were all utilised, and very 

 little pulling down was done. All old material was re-used in 

 some way or other, and the scheme has proved most economical. 



The work of adaptation was carried out by direct labour by 

 men of the estate, with some assistance from outside bricklayers, 

 carpenters, plasterers, and other workmen. All the roads were 

 constructed with unskilled labour under the supervision of an 

 experienced roadman. A quarry was opened on the site, and 

 supplied material for the roads and certain building work. Very 

 Httle excavating was done for the roads, the virgin soil only 

 being removed to a -depth of some 6 inches. The cost of road- 

 making was 10s. per yard, which included quarrying of stone 

 and surfacing with clinker. The clinker was obtained 

 free from the Malvern Electric Works, but, of course, 

 had to be hauled to the site. The roads were 9 feet wide and 

 about 9 inches deep. 



It is very essential that there should be an adequate water 

 supply which can be relied upon during the dry summer months. 

 To this end it is desirable to obtain the advice of an expert water 

 diviner and engineer. This has been done on the estate in 

 question, and a central supply from a boring is being installed. 

 Drainage is very closely allied with water supply. In this 

 connection existing drains should be utilised as far as possible, 

 but if there is any possibility of their contaminating the water 

 supply, a new system should be put down. Farm sewage 

 is an essential farming commodity, and should be con- 

 served, and not diluted by mixture with the rain water 

 or the house sewage. All three should be kept separate, 

 as they each have their different uses. Rain water should 

 be collected wherever possible for domestic purposes, and 

 not allowed to run to waste in the farm drains, so diluting 

 the hquid manure. House drainage, consisting of sink and 

 bath waste, with, perhaps, a water-closet, needs separate treat- 

 ment, and should not be connected with either the farm system 

 or the rain water drains. The collection of the house drainage 

 into a cesspool or surface irrigation system is usually not diffi- 

 cult, and is a most desirable arrangement. No elaboration of 

 manholes or inspection chambers will be necessary; all that is 

 required is a simple pipe line to a cesspool some 50 yards away 

 from the house. In the case in question, old drains were 

 utilised wherever possible, and a separate system was introduced 

 for the house discharge. A rain-water butt or tank near the 

 scullery door, with an overflow to the sink gulley, is most useful, 

 and helps to conserve the water supply. 



