CoFFKY AND TiiAEGEii — Tkc Antrim Raised Beavlt. 157 



is evident that the sea of the 25-30-foot raised beach has demolished 

 older higher beaches.^ The same explanation had occurred to us: 

 that in those places -where a notch was cut during the time of greatest 

 submergence, a more protracted pause in the emergence produced a 

 more pronounced beach, which cut back into the former one and 

 destroyed it. 



As to the prevalence and distribution of the particular series of earth- 

 movements which we have been discussing, there is little detailed 

 evidence at present available regarding the earlier fluctuations. Eut 

 in Ireland the final movement of elevation took place about a hinge 

 whicli is situated somewhere southward of Dublin, where the raised 

 beach, so conspicuous in the north-east, sinks to sea-level.^ 



COERELATION WITH ExGLISH AND SCOTTISH LaND MOVEMENTS. 



The area affected by the series of movements appears to be somewhat 

 extensive, but nevertheless circumscribed ; and while in central 

 Scotland and northern England a practically identical history has 

 been demonstrated, in many other districts, where the evidence is 

 sufficient, it points to movements which cannot be fitted in with 

 those of the north-east of Ireland. The literature of the post- 

 Glacial deposits of England, AYales, and Scotland is voluminous, and 

 the results and conclusions are such that it is often not easy to correlate 

 them or to generalize, especially as regards the relation between the 

 earth-movements described and human periods. AVe shall not here 

 attempt any general survey of the subject, but will deal briefly with 

 a few districts whence detailed evidence is forthcoming which bears 

 on the movements with which we are at present dealing. 



In the Lancashire and Cheshire area, the post- Glacial series 

 has been especially studied by De Rance^ and by T. Mellard EeaJe.'* 



About Liverpool, for instance, the coast sand-hills, or on lower 

 grounds beds of silt, rest on a layer of peat, an old land surface. 



1 lUd., p. 418. 



~ See Edward Hull, loc. ext. 



3 C. E. De Ranee : " On the Postglacial Deposits of "Western Lancashire and 

 Cheshire," Q. J. G. S. xxvi., 655-668. 1870. And " The Superficial Deposits of 

 south-west Lancashire." 1877. (Mem. Geol. Surv.) 



^ Consult Proc. Liverpool Geol. Soc, sessions 1871-2, 1877-8, 1881-2, 1882-3, 

 &c.; Sci. Proc. Roy. Dublin Soc. (X.S.), ii., pp. 255-258; Geol. Mag., 1896, 

 pp. 488-492; ditto, 1900, pp. 97-104; Q. J. G. S., xliv., pp. 291-299, 1888. 

 Et coetera. 



