188 



ProceediiHjH of the Hoz/dl Ii'iish Acddoni/. 



for new buildings, disclosed an old surface, resting almost on the solid 

 rock. In this old surface a number of small flint axes were found 

 with characteristic kitchen-midden edges. Mr. Knowles, who has 

 figured four of them (there seem to have been several more of them 

 in the find), describes them as small axes, wedge-shaped, the edges 

 being formed by a single large flake having been removed from each 

 side.^ One of these is shown (fig, 9). A few of this class of kitchen- 



FiG. 9. — Kitchen -midden axe from Portrush. J 



midden axe have been found at Larne. Eev. W. Adams, of Antrim, 

 has two in his collection, one of which closely resembles that figured 

 above. 



The circumstances of this find, and the absence of any objects of a 

 definitely late character, seem to indicate an early period. 



The Cliisel Type. 



The narrow flint axes, or chisels, ground only at tlie edge, come 

 next in order of development in the celt series (fig. 10, jSTos. 4-6, 

 fi'om Counties Antrim and Londonderry). When we consider the 

 series as a wliole — the further stages of rubbing down of the 



1 W. J. KnoNrles : " Report on Prehistoric Pvemains from the Sandhills of the 

 Coast of Ireland," Proc. R.IA., 3rd S., vol. i. (1889-91), p. 177. Mr. Knowles 

 states I hat he has seen indications of such a process of manufacture among the 

 objects found at Whitepark Bay. He here refers to nondescript or chopper-like 

 pieces of flint, in which the intersection of two facets forms an edge, which 

 may or may not have heen intentional in particular instances. No specimens of 

 the kitchen-midden form of axe have been found at AYhitepark Bay. 



