1920.] Education and Research in Poultry Keeping. 849 



Eecognising the importance of experimental work and 

 research, about thirty years ago the United States Government 

 made large annual grants which have since been greatly 

 increased. These have been the basis for all developments 

 which have taken place. It was not until the experimental 

 work had been developed that poultry teaching was introduced. 



Gradually such investigations have been extended, some over 

 several years, as those on fecundity, by Dr. Raymond Pearl, 

 at Orono, Maine; on breeding, by Professor James Dryden, at 

 Corvallis, Oregon; on heredity, by Dr. Leon Cole, at ]\[adison, 

 Wisconsin; and on diseases, by Dr. Philip Hadley, at Kingston, 

 Rhode Island. Experimental work has formed the basis of all 

 instruction. Without the well thought out investigational work 

 which has been conducted at the Colleges and Experimental 

 Stations, poultry husbandry in America would not hold the 

 high place it occupies to-day. 



A well trained and efficient staff of instructors is essential. 

 This need was early recognised in America, and the country 

 now possesses a fine body of instructors and investigators. In 

 the various Colleges and Farm Schools poultry teachers are 

 accorded the same status as their colleagues. 



At Cornell, N.Y., the staff of the Department of Poultry 

 Husbandry, apart from office assistants, consists of fifteen 

 members, each of whom undertakes a specific branch of work. 

 Eighty acres of land are allotted for poultry work at the 

 University. The land is divided into two sections : (1) for 

 demonstration work, and (2) for experimental work. 



The courses of instruction include both the science and 

 practice of the industry, and also subjects related to animal 

 husbandry. Education is not restricted to students who attend 

 courses. No fees are charged to students who are residents of 

 the respective States, but students are required to support 

 themselves. 



Assistance is given to farmers in various ways. Mr. Brown 

 mentioned the following: — 



(1) By the issue of Bulletins. These are sent out broad- 

 cast, one Experimental Station having a mailing list of 180,000. 



(2) By extension work. Members of the staff spend most 

 of their time visiting those engaged in the business of produc- 

 tion. It is in this way that such processes as systematic culling 

 are generally introduced. 



(8) By encouraging producers to keep in contact with the 

 Colleges, to submit difficulties as they arise, and to avail 

 themselves of the experience of the College specialists. 



