HYMENOPTEROUS PARASITES OF RHYNCHOTA. 223 



Soc. 1899, p. 15) considers this an error, since the cocoon re- 

 ferred to is almost certainly that of a species of Praon, which 

 genus of the Aphidiince alone evacuate their hosts to pupate. 

 Both Brischke and Bernhardt have bred this species from the 

 same host. At least eight other species of hyperparasitic CJialci- 

 didcs are recorded: — Bondani describes (Ann. Soc. Nat. Bologna, 

 1848 et Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. 1877, p. 194) a species bred by him, 

 under the name Pteromalus castigator ; and the same author is 

 said by Dalla Torre (Cat. v. 165 et 525), with no reference, to 

 have also raised Chrysolampus (Merismus) rufipes, Walk., and the 

 Proctotrypid, Ceraphron fuscipes, Batz. The former is probably 

 a lapsus calami for Sphegigaster rufipez, Nees, recorded by Gaulle 

 (Cat. 104), together with S. aphidiphagus, Batz., and, from 

 " Aphis sur rosier," Tridymus aphidum, Batz. Undeterminable 

 species of the genus Encyrtus were also bred by Buckton, and, 

 in the United States, Howard (Bevis. Aphelinse of N. Amer. 

 1895, p. 24) says Aphelinus mali, Haldeman, preys upon A. roses, 

 and Blastothrix roses, Ashm. (Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 1886, 

 p. 130), has been raised from the vav.floridcs of the same species. 

 Three other Proctotrypids have also been raised from this host, 

 and one of them, Lygocerus carpenteri, Curt. — with which Kief- 

 fer's "new" L. testaceimanus is doubtless synonymous — in some 

 numbers in Britain by Marshall and Haliday ; the others are 

 Trichosteresis clandestinus^ Nees, and Megaspilus dux, Curt. 

 (B.E. fol.249). 



43. Siphonophora scabioscs, Schr. 

 Dr. Giraud bred (Ann. Soc. Pr. 1877, pp. 427 et 434) Pachy- 

 neur on aphidiphagus, Batz., and Megaspilus aphidum, MS., from 

 Aphides sur Dipsacus ; and (I. c. p. 415) a species of Aphidius, 

 which he determines as Ichneumon dipsaci, Schr., and was pro- 

 bably the host of the above Chalcids, from a species of " Aphis 

 sur Dipsacus fullonum." Buckton gives no Aphides as attacking 

 this plant, but I have taken the present species abundantly on 



skin" oi Siphonophora rosce, though he was doubtful of its hyperparasitism. 

 But he is quite wrong in saying c.) that Nees " saw" the certainly synony- 

 mous Chrysolampus suspensus " emerge from the larva of Aphis rosarum" 

 What Nees says, respecting his G. suspensus, is : " Metamorphosis in larva 

 Aphidii Rosarum, ex quibus mihi die 2 Julii a. 1813 Sickershusi provenit " 

 (Mon. Ichn. Aff. ii. 127), and (lib. cit. i. 19) of his Braconid, Aphidius ros- 

 arum," . . . ex Aphidibus Rosce exclusum obtinui." 



