200 



January, 



beetles, whioh had temporarily sheltered themselves behind the stems, and aban- 

 doned them for more promising material at the first opportunity. 



All the Xylopliaga appear to oat largely while in the perfect state, and, unless 

 they find a nidus for oviposition at once, commence to browse on any food at hand. 



I have found that daring tho past warm summer many species have emerged 

 at the end of July, which do not usually become perfect until September, and then 

 do not emerge before tho next spring. Every season, probably, a small proportion 

 is perfected early, as tho majority have been during the past season ; the rest, 

 following their usual habit, remaining till spring. What do these prematurely- 

 developed specimens do? 



In August I found Cryphalus hinodulus engaged in oviposition just as they 

 were in May ; and Hylurgus pilosus^ Hylesinus crenatus and H. fraxini eating 

 galleries, in each of which there was only one beetle, and, as the bark was not 

 such as they usually choose for oviposition, and there was no sign of that process 

 being carried on, I conclude that they intend to hybeniato in these galleries, and 

 to postpone oviposition until spring. Though Hylurgus piniperda and ScolytiLS 

 destructor had almost all emerged, I have had no opportunity of tracing them 

 further. 



In Hylesinus and Cryphalus hinodnilus^ I always find a pair of beetles in each 

 burrow. During the entire period of its construction, Hylurgus pilosus is often in 

 pairs, but tho male usually leaves before oviposition is complete, though with this, 

 as with the former species, pairing occurs in the burrows, and probably only there. 

 The economy of Hylastes palliatus is similar. In the burrows of Hylurgus pini- 

 pe^-da, I have rarely found both beetles, and then only when the burrow was just 

 commenced. Of Scolytus destructor, I have only found a pair in a burrow on one 

 occasion, and am inclined to doubt whether the male often enters the burrow at 

 all. In my former notes, p. 140, line 10, the word "side" should be "end" or 

 "far end." — T. Algernon Cuapman,* Abergavenny, October, 18G8. 



Captures of Coleoptera near Manchester, ^c. — Scymnus nigrinus, S. discoideus, 

 and Coccinella hieroglyphica, beaten out of Scotch fir ; April and May. Ips 

 4fpunctata^ abundantly under bark of freshly-cut pine stumps, accompanied by 

 Epunva pusilla and E. deleta. Tomicus hidens, completely undermining the tops, 

 downwards, of Scotch fir. Pachyrhinus 4:-tulcrctilatus, by sweeping in damp 

 meadows all round the district. P. comari (one specimen), at Hale. Two very 

 curious black varieties of Anthonomus ulmi, one beaten out of a hedge surrounding 

 an orchard apparently containing no elm, and the other obtained by sweeping in 

 the Bollin valley. Tropiphorus mercurialis, sparingly ull over the district. T. 

 carinatusy at Chorlton and in tho Bollin valley, on each occasion singly. Halipltis 

 elevatus, common in the river Bollin. Tachyitsa constricta, abundant on the banks 

 of the Bollin, accompanied in muddy places by Oeoryssus and Hetcroccrus margin- 

 atits. Barynotus Schbnherri, occasionally, by single specimens. Bemhidium 

 paludos^an and punctulatumy Bledius longulus, and B. suhtcrraneus, in profusion, 

 banks of the Bollin. Clivina cullaris, on all our river banks. Qymnetron hecca- 

 hungw, type form, a single specimen by sweeping in the Bollin valley ; the var. 



* 1 can Bend live or unset flpccimens of (he Cryphalus to any Coleopterist in need of the Bpecien; 

 and should myself be glad to receire any duplicate wood-feeders, Longicomt or Lamcllieomt.—'S. A. C. 



