FA M. ALEYRODID.^: 



3 



studied by Dr. I.. Zelmtner ( i j. Aleyrudes /abaci, (jennadios, a pest ol' tobacco in (iieece, has been well 

 treated by Targioni-Tozzetti (2). Aleyrodes vaporariorim, Westwood, is quite destructive to vegetables and 

 flowers grown under glass and to a less extent out-of doors in the United States, and possibly elsewhere. 

 This insect has been thoroughly treated by Morrill (3) wiio has also treated a related species, A. (•ackardi, 

 Morrill, which is injurious to sti awberries. Aleitrodicus cocois, Curtis, infesting the cocoanut, guava, etc., 

 is the subject of an article by Kilcy and Howaid in Insect Life(4). 



FAM. ALEYRODID/E, Westwood 



Aleyrodidae. Latreille, Mag. Encycl. Vol. 2. p. 804 (lyoS); Précis Caractères Insectes, p. 93 (1796); 

 Genera Crustac. et Insect. Vol 3, p. 174 (1807): W estwood. Mod. Class, of Ins. Vol. 2, p. 442 

 (1N40); Signoret. Ann. Soc. Eut. Fr. (4), X'ol. 8, ]>. 369-402 (1867); Maskell, Trans. New Zealand 

 Inst, Vol. 22, p. 170-176 (18891; Morgan, Ent. M. Mag. (2) Vol. 3, p. 29-33 (1892): Maskell, 

 Trans. New Zealand Inst. \'ol. 28, p. 411-449 (1895): Ouaintance, Bull. 8, Tech. Ser. Div. 

 Ent. U.S. Dept. .Agr. W'ash. (1900): Cockerell. Proc. .Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. \'ol. 54, p. 279-283 

 (1902); Peal, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, \'ol. 72, X. S.p. 61-98 (1903); Bemis, Proc. U. S. Nat. 

 Mus. Vol. 27, p- 471-537 (1904); Tullgren, .Arkiv f. Zool. Stockholm, Bd. 3, Nr. 26, p. 1-18 (1907); 

 Kirkaldy & Kotinsky. Bui. 2, Div. Ent. Board Com. Agric. and Forestry Territory Haw-aii, 

 p. i-ioi (1907). 



Characters. — Small to minute insects, infesting plants, the immature stages scale like, the 

 adults of both sexes winged, active, powdered with white. 



In adults, head small, convex above, rounded anteriorly; eyes reniform, « dumb-bell » shape, or 

 completely divided; a single ocellus above each eye. Antennae 7-jointed, basal joint short and cup-shaped; 

 second larger, globose or suhpyriform ; joints 3 to 7 slender and niinicrnusly ringed, joint 3 longest. 

 Rostrum ofasingle segment. Mentum long, free. 3-jointed. inclosui-: ili • id^tial setae. Thoracic segments 

 about equally distinct, the prothorax smallest. Each sex with t\\ 1 > p,!!:- iil \\ ini;s, rounded distalh^ and 

 serrate or « beaded » all around, each serrulation with a few minute liaii s. W'ln-s with but a single median 

 vein; a single basal branch in fore wing in Aleyrodes, a basal and distal branch in fore and hind wings in 

 Aleurodicns, and in Alettrocliitoii there is a basal and a distal branch in fore \\ ings, the vein of the hind wing 

 being unbranched. Legs long, slender, with dimerous tarsi, ending in 2 claws, and a central process. 

 Abdomen somewhat pedunculate, especially in males, roundh' tapering or ovoid, in females ending in 

 conical ovipositor. In male abdomen more slender, ending in iorcipate genitalia, composed of tw o valves, 

 and the cential, curved, penis. On dorsum of last abdominal segment of each sex, is the so-called 

 « vasiform orifice, » comprising the orifice, the operculum, and the lingula. General color of bodv vellow, 

 otten with dusky markings, but all more or less obscured with the powdery dusting of white wax. 



Immature stages elliptical, oval or rounded in shape, quiescent except in first larval, occurring 

 mostly on lower, less usually on upper surface of leaves, to which thev are attached by sucking mouth- 



(1) Archief Java Suikerindustrie. 14, p. gk) (1S96); \"ol. 7, p. 445 and 459. 



(2) Animali ed Ensetti del Tabacco. p. 246(1891). 



(3) Bull. I, Tech. Ser. Massacliussets Agric. Exper. Station (iqo,;). 



(4) Insect Life, \o\. 5, p. 314 (i8>)3). 



