54 



OFFICIAL REPORT OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 



and we could not extend to you an invitation to come in with us 

 at all. We are not looking for business in that way, but we are seeking 

 a union of interest with every fruit producer of California, with the 

 belief that we could simplify the business at the other end of the line 

 in a way that would be profitable to all concerned. 



PROSPECTIVE COMPETITION FROM THE PHILIPPINE 



ISLANDS. 



By PROF. A. P. HAYNE, of Berkeley. 



Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen: It was my good fortune, 

 while serving as First Lieutenant in the California Artillery, to have 

 been assigned by the W ar Department to the duty of reporting on the 

 agricultural resources of the Philippine Islands. Unfortunately, the 

 natives did not take kindly to the status of affairs, and I found that 

 the problem of proving that the plow was mightier than the sword was 

 not quite as easy a task as I had hoped. I do not want you to think that 

 I claim to know very much about the resources of the Philippines. I 

 was there, however, upon this special duty, for a year, and I picked up 

 a few facts concerning the country, most of which I have reported to 

 Washington. The subject is a very large one, so I shall not inflict 

 myself on you very long, but give you a slight rapid sketch of the 

 resources of the islands, bringing out those which may compete with 

 ours in the United States. I have here with me a map of the Island of 

 Luzon, which is only about half the area of the Philippine archipelago. 

 As you will observe, it is a very mountainous island and quite long; 

 the coast-line being nearly three times that of the State of California. 



Rice, of which there are over a hundred varieties, is the most impor- 

 tant agricultural product of the Philippines. Bread is a luxury, as 

 wheat and barley are not raised there, on account of the climate, and 

 there is no danger of competition with the American rice, as the islands 

 do not raise enough for their own purposes. Over three million dollars' 

 worth are imported annually from China. The population of the islands 

 is very dense. On the Island of Luzon there is a population of four 

 and a half millions in the inhabited portion, as compared with a million 

 and a half in the inhabited portions of the State of California. In all 

 the islands there is a population of twelve millions. 



Hemp grows wild in the forests or where forests have been cleared 

 away, and is not cultivated. The value of this and other products is 

 much less than it would otherwise be if it were not for the labor prob- 

 lem. The native will not work so long as he has a bushel of rice in his 

 hut. It is impossible for a white man to do manual labor there for a 

 great length of time. They may direct it, but not do the actual work 



