1922.] Californian Poultry Eaising and Marketing. 629 



shaded by it during the mid-day hours and it consequently helps 

 to keep the interior of the house cool. 



In the house illustrated the nest boxes are of the outside type, 

 but the collection of eggs is made from the inside of the house. 

 The bottom of the nests is on the level of the floor but a lOJ-in. 

 board is placed in front to prevent litter being scratched inro 

 them. In many of these large houses nest boxes are placed 

 on either side of the draught partition, a space being left next 

 to the partition for the birds to gain access to the nest, and a 

 roof at a sharp angle is provided to prevent birds from roosting 

 on it. This system provides darker nests which are sometimes 

 preferred by the birds, but the collection of eggs is not so easy, 

 and they are more expensive to construct. 



Dry mash hoppers are placed in any convenient space avail- 

 able, but it should be the aim to leave the floor space free 

 from any obstruction so as to devote as much space as possible 

 for scratching purposes. 



The roof, back and sides of the house illustrated are covered 

 with felt, and it will be noticed that wooden strips have not been 

 used for holding down the felt. Each width of felt is allowed to 

 overlap, the upper and lower surface being treated with a mastic 

 cement, and the felt secured to the wood by means of large headed 

 clout nails. By this means a practically solid joint is obtained 

 excluding not only water but wind, which is the chief cause of 

 damage to felt on the roofs of houses. It will be found best to 

 start the felt at the bottom of the hood and carry it over the top 

 of the roof, the strips being put on parallel to the sides of the 

 house, that is, running from top to bottom of the roof. 



****** 



CALIFORNIAN METHODS OF 

 POULTRY RAISING and MARKETING. 



II. 



Co-operative Marketing.— The Poultry Producers of Central 

 California Incorporated, is an organisation typical of many in 

 California designed to assist the farmer in marketing his pro- 

 duce in the most effective and economical way, and at the 

 same time to obtain for him the best and most stable price 

 possible. 



It is proposed first to outline the methods employed at the 

 Petaluma egg-depot itself, and afterwards to indicate the co- 

 operative principles upon which the organisation is built. 



