800 Moorland Grazing in the North of England. [Dec, 



eat, thus leaving the wiry herbage to accumulate on the surface 

 for years. 



Where old grass land with a mat of this character has been 

 ploughed out and, after one or two corn crops, or being put 

 through ra rotation, has been judiciously sown down with the 

 right seeds mixture containing wild white clover, and treated with 

 basic slag or other phosphatic manure, young pastures have 

 resulted of a far greater value than the poor benty pasture which 

 was ploughed out. 



At three centres at least in Northumberland some moorland 

 is now being ploughed out, the object being to bury matted turf 

 and to bring soil to the surface. It is recommended that such 

 ploughing be done early in the winter, with a disc coulter, to 

 bury the turf as effectively as possible. Harrowing should be 

 well done in spring with a disc harrow if possible. High grade 

 basic slag at the rate of 10 cwt. per acre, or finely ground North 

 African phosphates at the rate of 6 J cwt. per acre* should be 

 harrowed in, as well as sulphate of ammonia, f cwt. per acre, 

 to assist the oat crop. Old fashioned tillering oats, as the Sandy 

 variety, may be sown at about 3 bushels an acre. A suitable 

 seeds mixture should be sown immediately after. For 

 this purpose the following seeds mixture per acre is 

 suggested : — 18 lb. perennial ryegrass, 8 lb. cocksfoot gi'ass, 

 3 lb. red clover (preferably late flowering) and 1 lb. wild white 

 clover. Care must be taken to get a firm seed bed with a good 

 tilth on the surface. The oats should be mown green and made 

 into hay, unless they promise to mature in good time. Success 

 in this direction would provide on moorland farms hay and 

 pasture of a most valuable character. 



* For particulars of these manures see this Journal for Sept., 11*22, p. 519 ; 

 Oct., 1922, p. GOO ; and Nov., 1922, p. 706. 



