﻿The 
  Anatomy 
  of 
  the 
  Female 
  Genital 
  Tract 
  of 
  the 
  Pupipara 
  etc. 
  17 
  

  

  (prob). 
  The 
  thorax 
  is 
  relatively 
  small 
  and 
  is 
  segmented, 
  the 
  meso- 
  

   and 
  metathorax 
  each 
  bearing 
  a 
  pair 
  of 
  large 
  spiracles 
  (sp). 
  There 
  

   are 
  no 
  wings 
  or 
  rudiments 
  of 
  any, 
  but 
  rudiments 
  of 
  halteres 
  are 
  

   present. 
  The 
  abdomen 
  is 
  a 
  large, 
  pear-shaped 
  body-division 
  , 
  mucli 
  

   flattened 
  dorso-ventrally 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  unsegmented 
  and 
  is 
  covered 
  by 
  a 
  

   tough, 
  leathery 
  cuticula. 
  It 
  bears 
  seven 
  pairs 
  of 
  spiracles 
  somewhat 
  

   smaller 
  than 
  those 
  on 
  the 
  thorax, 
  two 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  near 
  its 
  anterior 
  

   and 
  two 
  near 
  its 
  posterior 
  end. 
  The 
  entire 
  body 
  is 
  covered 
  with 
  

   long, 
  bristly 
  hairs. 
  

  

  The 
  female 
  genital 
  tract 
  occupies 
  the 
  position 
  nsnal 
  in 
  insects, 
  

   in 
  the 
  ventral, 
  posterior 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  abdomen 
  (PL 
  II, 
  Fig. 
  1). 
  It 
  

   is 
  made 
  of 
  the 
  following 
  parts: 
  paired 
  ovaries 
  (PL 
  II, 
  Figs. 
  1, 
  2 
  ov); 
  

   two 
  short 
  paired 
  oviducts 
  (pa.ovi); 
  a 
  median 
  unpaired 
  ovi- 
  

   dnct 
  formed 
  by 
  the 
  fnsion 
  of 
  the 
  proximal 
  ends 
  of 
  the 
  paired 
  ovi- 
  

   ducts 
  and 
  consisting 
  of 
  two 
  portions, 
  a 
  narrower 
  proximal 
  portion 
  

   (med.ovi), 
  and 
  a 
  widened 
  distal 
  portion, 
  which 
  has 
  the 
  fnnction 
  of 
  a 
  

   receptaculuni 
  seminis 
  (rec.sem); 
  the 
  median 
  efferent 
  dnct, 
  which 
  

   passes 
  to 
  the 
  vulva 
  and 
  is 
  usually 
  called 
  the 
  vagina 
  in 
  insects, 
  but 
  

   which 
  I 
  shall 
  in 
  Melophagus 
  divide 
  into 
  two 
  portions, 
  an 
  extensive 
  

   anterior 
  portion, 
  the 
  uterus 
  (U), 
  and 
  a 
  shorter 
  posterior 
  portion, 
  

   the 
  vagina 
  (vag)\ 
  and, 
  finally, 
  the 
  two 
  pairs 
  of 
  milk-glands, 
  which 
  

   join 
  the 
  anterior 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  uterus 
  (PL 
  II, 
  Figs. 
  2, 
  3 
  m.gl). 
  

  

  As 
  to 
  the 
  position 
  of 
  these 
  organs 
  in 
  the 
  body, 
  the 
  vagina 
  and 
  

   the 
  uterus 
  lie 
  near 
  and 
  in 
  a 
  plane 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  ventral 
  abdominal 
  

   wall. 
  The 
  median, 
  unpaired 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  oviducts, 
  in 
  the 
  virginal 
  

   female, 
  lies 
  in 
  a 
  plane 
  perpendicular 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  uterus 
  (PL 
  II, 
  

   Fig. 
  3 
  med.ovi), 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  old 
  female 
  in 
  a 
  plane 
  at 
  an 
  acute 
  angle 
  

   to 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  uterus 
  (PL 
  II, 
  Fig. 
  2). 
  I 
  wish 
  to 
  emphasize 
  these 
  facts 
  

   as 
  Leuckaet 
  describes 
  all 
  the 
  different 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  genital 
  tract 
  as 
  

   lying 
  in 
  very 
  nearly 
  the 
  same 
  plane 
  (see 
  his 
  Figs. 
  1, 
  2, 
  3 
  and 
  4, 
  

   PL 
  I), 
  and 
  his 
  figures 
  have 
  been 
  copied 
  into 
  several 
  text-books 
  (see 
  

   Claus' 
  Lehrbuch 
  der 
  Zoologie, 
  Fig. 
  495). 
  It 
  is 
  only 
  in 
  sections, 
  which, 
  

   of 
  course, 
  Leuckaet 
  could 
  not 
  have 
  had 
  at 
  his 
  disposal 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  

   when 
  his 
  paper 
  was 
  written, 
  that 
  the 
  true 
  position 
  of 
  these 
  organs 
  

   can 
  be 
  seen, 
  and 
  a 
  dissection 
  of 
  them 
  must 
  inevitably 
  disturb 
  their 
  

   relations 
  with 
  the 
  surrounded 
  viscera. 
  The 
  receptacnlum 
  seminis, 
  

   constituting 
  the 
  distal 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  unpaired 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  oviducts, 
  

   is 
  also 
  in 
  the 
  median 
  Line, 
  and 
  from 
  it 
  the 
  short 
  paired 
  portions 
  of 
  

   the 
  oviducts 
  proceed 
  to 
  the 
  right 
  and 
  left 
  to 
  the 
  two 
  ovaries. 
  The 
  

   richly 
  branching 
  milk-glands 
  are 
  very 
  extensive 
  organs 
  and 
  wind 
  

  

  Zeitschrift 
  f. 
  wissensch. 
  Zoologie. 
  LXVI. 
  Bd. 
  2 
  

  

  