XVIU 



AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS 



August, 1907 



•ANDREWS -AIR-PRESSURE 



WATER SUPPLY 



"V^OUR HOME can have running: water from well or cistern with sanitary closets and fire protection 

 — a never-failing water supply in every room (lawn or barn.) — by the Andrews Air Pressure 

 Water System All the Conveniences of City Water Connection in any country home. 



It has all the advantages of ibe elevated water tanks, yet avoiding all the obiections The Andrews Air 

 Pressure Water System does not freeze in winter nor i;et stale in summer; never overriows is never blown 

 down by wind siorm and does not mar the aspect of a I eauiiful lawn as a windmill tank does It will last 

 a lifetime and besides it Costs Less than any other System of Water Supply. 



We are manufacturers and sell direct, factory to user Water Supply Systems. Hoi Water Plants, 

 r^urnaces etc, Write for Air Pressure Water Supply System; also send names of others interested. 



ANDREWS HEATING CO. 



589 La Salle Bjildiii;; CHICAGO. ILL. 647 Ht-atuii; Buildins. MINNEAPOLIS, MINN 



WILLIAMS'^ 



VENTILATING 

 WINDOW-SASH 



FASTENERS 



INSURE PERFECT PROTECTIOK 



DO NOT ACCEPT 

 IMITATIONS 



Most every burglary you read of, entrance has been gained through a window. Wil- 

 liams' Fastener allows five inches of ventilation and makes window absolutely burglar proof 

 at same time. Does not spring or mar sash, and a child can attach. Affords fresh air in the 

 house while you're away, with absolute safety from intrusion. The sample we send on 

 receipt of 50 cts. proves your need of this perfect window locking device, or money refunded. 

 Ask the hardware man. Free sample to hardware dealers, with trade proof. Write for 

 free folder today — it's interesting. 



Williams Metal Stamping Co., 335 Babcock St., Buffalo, N. Y., U. S. A. 



N this, our tenth annual announcement, we call atten- 

 . tion to 1908 LOCOMOBILES, in all respects the 

 most reliable and generally attractive cars ever offered. 

 Touring Cars and Town Cars. Two types, 20 H.P. and 

 40 H.P. ; eight distinct models. Make and Break Igni- 

 tion — 4th season; Low tension magneto — 4th season. 

 All 1908 cars have four speed selective transmissions, 

 and all desirable refinements. 



EARLY FALL DELIVERIES 



Advance information mailed on application. 



a^iiCOJUOhitB Company of America, Bridgeport, Conn. 



NEW YORK, Broadway and 76th St. 

 PHILADELPHIA, 245 N. Broad St. 



I^lember Aisociation of Licenud 

 liuttmiibiU Manufacturiri. 



BOSTON, 400 Newburg St. 

 CHICAGO. 1354 Michigan Ave. 



which are so expensive to replace. To prove 

 this, scrape away the paint of a house three 

 years old under the cornices, beneath the piazza 

 pillars, or beneath the side sheathing. The 

 surprise which will greet the eyes will convince 

 the most skeptical that repainting is badly 

 needed. 



In attempting to figure upon the cost of re- 

 painting it is essential that an approximate 

 number of square feet of the house should be 

 ascertained. This is easily obtained by meas- 

 uring the height and length of the structure 

 and multiplying them together. Painters have 

 rules for this work which they apply some- 

 what rigidly, always making plenty of allow- 

 ance for errors. Thus all openings, such as 

 windows and doors, are figured upon as plain 

 surfaces to be covered with paint, although no 

 part of them other than the sills and sides are 

 touched with paint. All moldings, beads, strips, 

 columns and pilasters are figured separately, al- 

 lowing nothing less than a foot in width for 

 anything, and multiplying this by the height 

 or length of each piece. The estimator thus 

 always has sufficient leeway for loss through 

 slow work in painting fancy work. If a house 

 has much broken fancy work in front a further 

 liberal allowance for covering is made. 



In the ordinary house the number of square 

 feet of plain surface to be covered with paint 

 should be ascertained, and then one-third of 

 this should be added to make up for special 

 painting around columns, window frames, 

 doors and similar parts. Good exterior paint 

 costs all the way from $3 to $5 per gallon. 

 One man will, as a rule, put on the prime 

 coat at the rate of about one hundred square 

 yards of a new house in a day of nine hours, 

 and for painting the second and third time he 

 will cover not more than seventy-five yards in 

 a single day. The master painter figures 

 usually on new work costing seven cents per 

 square yard for each coat of paint, including 

 knotting, puttying and material. Varnishing 

 and oil finish for the inside of piazzas and 

 vestibules, the cost is generally higher, rang- 

 ing from ten to twelve cents per square yard. 

 The materials required for all this work de- 

 pend a good deal upon their quality and 

 ability to spread. For the priming coat twenty 

 pounds of white lead and four gallons of lin- 

 seed oil are usually considered about right for 

 each one hundred square yards. For two 

 coats forty pounds of white lead and eight 

 gallons of linseed oil will answer, and for a 

 three-coat work fifty pounds of white lead, 

 twelve gallons of linseed oil, one pound of 

 putty, half a pint of knotting, and three to 

 four pounds of coloring pigments generally 

 answer. 



The universal use of ready-mixed paints 

 makes it imperative that a word should be said 

 concerning them. Good ready-mixed paints 

 are made with oxide of zinc and white lead, 

 and with many kinds of pigments. There are 

 sufficient varieties of ready-mixed paints for 

 interior and exterior use to confuse the novice 

 in selecting them. Substitutes used in these 

 may not always be harmful, but reputable 

 manufacturers will guarantee that their paints 

 are free from alkali, water, and petroleum 

 products, and that they contain a fair propor- 

 tion of zinc and white lead. There are several 

 tests which one can apply to these ready-mixed 

 paints to ascertain their relative value. One 

 of the simplest to find the presence of alka- 

 line emulsifying agents is to leave in the paint 

 over night a strip of gelatine. If there is 

 water and alkali adulterants, the strip of gela- 

 tine will swell, but if not, the paint is prac- 

 tically free from water and alkali. The 

 presence of aniline dyes, which have no per- 

 manency, can be detected in the ready-mixed 

 paints by shaking up separate lots of the paints 

 with chloroform, ether and benzine. Then 

 let the pigments settle, and the aniline dye will 



