374 Mr. C. Schorlemmer on the Derivatives of Propane. [Apr. 8, 



it, care being taken not to have it in excess. In diffused daylight substitu- 

 tion-products were formed, which collected as an oily layer on the salt 

 solution. Alternately more propane and chlorine were passed into the 

 apparatus, until it was nearly filled with the excess of propane and 

 vapours of the most volatile substitution-products. The latter were con- 

 densed by passing the gas into a receiver surrounded by a freezing-mix- 

 ture. To collect the liquid chlorides which were contained in the gas- 

 holder, the tubulus of the bell-jar was closed with cork, which was 

 provided with a wide short glass tube, open at both ends, and so much 

 salt solution put into the gas-holder that the chlorides entered this tube, 

 from which they could easily be removed with a pipette. By repeating 

 this process several times, a quantity of chlorine compounds, sufficient for 

 further investigation, was obtained. This was washed with water, dried 

 over caustic potash, and distilled. The liquid commenced to boil at42°C, 

 the boiling-point rising towards the end above 200° C. By fractional 

 distillation, a comparatively small quantity of a liquid was obtained, which 

 boiled at 42°-46°, and consisted of the primary propyl chloride, C 3 H 7 C1. 



0*09/5 of this chloride gave 0*1730 silver chloride, and 0*005 silver, 

 corresponding to 0*044 chlorine. 



Calculated for C 3 H 7 CI. Found. 

 45*2 per cent. CI. 45*5 per cent. CI. 



In order to prove that this body was really the normal chloride, it had 

 to be converted into the alcohol. For this purpose I used that portion 

 of the chlorides which, after repeated distillation, boiled below 80° C. It 

 was heated in sealed tubes with potassium acetate and glacial acetic acid 

 for several hours to 200° C, and thus converted into the acetate, a light 

 colourless liquid, possessing the characteristic odour of the acetic ethers. 

 I did not endeavour to obtain this ether in the pure state, as this could 

 have been effected only with great loss of material, but converted it at 

 once into the alcohol, by heating it with a diluted solution of potash, in 

 sealed tubes, up to 120° C. After cooling, the contents of the tubes 

 were distilled and rectified. A portion of it was oxidized with a cold 

 diluted solution of chromic acid. No gas was evolved, but a strong smell 

 of aldehyde was perceived, which disappeared on adding more chromic 

 acid. On distilling to dryness, an acid liquid was obtained, which was 

 neutralized with sodium carbonate. The solution was evaporated to dry- 

 ness, and the residue distilled with a quantity of sulphuric acid, sufficient to 

 liberate about one-fourth of the acid. The residue in the retort was. again 

 distilled with the same quantity of sulphuric acid, and, by repeating this 

 process, the acid was obtained in four fractions. Each of these was con- 

 verted into the silver-salt by boiling with silver carbonate. The silver-salts 

 crystallized from the hot saturated solution in small shining needles, which 

 were grouped in stars and feathers. These were dried, first, over sulphuric 

 acid, afterwards in the steam-bath, and the silver determined by ignition. 



