120 



Notes on Feeding Stuffs. 



[may, 



concentrates for this purpose are coconut cake, ground-nut 

 cake and millers' offals. 



8heep.^Palm kernel cake will also be found useful and 

 economical for sheep, and for this purpose it may be mixed 

 with ground-nut cake and dried grains, which have fallen 

 considerably in price since last month. 



Horses.- For horses oats are still extremely expensive, 

 costing about 5s. per food unit. Oats may be replaced 

 economically by one or other or a mixture of the following con- 

 centrates : — maize or beans at about 4s. per food unit ; bran 

 at about 3s. lod. ; sharps at about 3s. ; dried grains at about 

 3s. Palm kernel cake at about is. gd. may also be used, but 

 of this latter the writer has no personal experience. It is, 

 however, so much cheaper than anything else that it is certainly 

 worth a trial. 



The most common cause of trouble in substituting other 

 concentrates for oats is the lack of knowledge of the quantity 

 of other foods equivalent to i lb. of oats. For instance, i lb. 

 of oats is equivalent to lb. of bran. Usually when bran is 

 used to replace oats the replacement is made weight for weight, 

 and the horses are consequently underfed. With maize the 

 mistake is in the opposite direction — i lb. of oats is equivalent 

 in food value to | lb. maize. If i lb. of maize is substituted 

 for I lb. of oats, the horses are overfed. They become fat and 

 often develop trouble in their feet. 



Of the foods quoted above the following quantities are 

 required to replace i lb. of oats : — Maize, f lb. ; beans, 14 oz. ; 

 bran, ij lb. ; sharps, 14 oz. ; dried grains, ij lb. ; palm kernel 

 cake, f lb. If substitution is made in these proportions, and 

 the mixture is so arranged as to be palatable to the horses, 

 trouble is not likely to occur. The following instance will 

 illustrate the method : — 



To replace 12 lb. oats, costing at present prices 2S. 2d. — 



4 lb. oats . . . . = 4 lb. oats . . . . cost 8^d. 



2 X I Jib. bran .. = 2 J lb. bran .. .. 3J 



2 X 14 oz. sharps = if sharps .. .. 2J 



2 X I lb. palm cake = i J ,, palm cake kernel ,, i| 



2 X I lb. maize .. = ij maize .. si 



1 2 lb. oats.. .. = iij ,, mixture.. cost is. yj 



A mixture of this kind will maintain horses at work satis- 

 factorily and will cost only is. y\d. for a full day's ration, instead 

 of 2s. 2d. if the ration were entirely composed of oats. 



