352 



INDEX. 



F. 



Female birds, greater brilliancy of 

 some, 211 



Female insects, greater brilliancy of 



some, 203 

 Ferns, 46 



Ferns, preponderance of in Tahiti and 



Juan Fernandez, 269, 270 

 Fiji Islands, pale loutterflies of, 259 

 Fire-ants, 83 



Fishes, causes of general coloration of, 

 171 



Flowering-trunks, probable cause of, 34 

 Flowers, comparative scarcity of in 



equatorial forests, 60 

 Flowers and insects, 64 

 Flowers of temperate zones brilliantly 

 coloured, 165 



comparatively scarce in tropical 

 forests, 167 

 Flowers, attractive colours of, 228 

 fertilized by insects, 228 

 attractive odours of, 230 

 when sweet-scented not conspi- 

 cuously coloured, 230 

 attractive grouping of, 231 

 alpine, why so beautiful, 232 

 why allied species differ in beauty, 

 233 



when wind-fertilized not coloured, 

 233 



relation of colours of, to distribu- 

 tion, 235 

 and fruits, recent views as to action 

 of light on, 236 

 Flowers of Auckland and Campbell's 



Isles, bright coloured, 238 

 Flying-lizards, 113 



Foliage, two chief types of, in tropical 



forests, 33 



colours of, 221 

 Foot of savages does not approach 



that of apes, 289 (note) 

 Forest -belt, cause of equatorial, 27 

 Forest-belts, temperate, 29 

 Forest-tree, section of a Bornean, 32 



formed from climbers, 32 

 Forest-trees, characteristics of, 30 

 Forest-trees of low growth, 34 

 Forest-trees, uses of equatorial, 35 

 Forests, effect of on rainfall and drouglit, 



19 



devastation caused loy destruction 



of, 20 

 equatorial, 29 



undergrowth of tropical, 34 

 Formica gigas, 81 



Foxes, none in Isle of Wight in 1605, 

 305 



Frogs and toads, 116 



Frog, with bright colours uneatable, 175 



Frogs of oceanic islands, 309 

 Fruit-bats, 119 



Fruits of equatorial forest-trees, 36 

 Fruits, attractive colours of, 224 

 protective colours of, 225 

 greater antiquity of protected than 

 attractive, 227 



G. 



Galapagos, colours of productions of, 

 163 



poor in flowers and insects, 235 



weedy vegetation of, 272 

 Gardener, Dr., on a large water-boa, 115 

 Geckos, 112 



Geiger, on ancient perception of colour, 

 245 



Qeranium pratense, G. pusUlum, 233 

 Gibbons, 116 

 Ginger- worts, 47 



Gladstone, Mr., on the colour-sense, 245 

 Glow-worm, use of its light, 205 

 Goliath cuckoo, 105 

 Gosse, Mr. on Jamaica humming-birds, 

 132, 135 



on the pugnacity of humming-birdsj 

 134 



on food of humming-birds, 137 

 Gould, Mr. on the motions of humming- 

 birds, 131 

 G ramm atopliyllums, 5 1 

 Green, why the most agreeable colour, 

 244 



Grisebach, on cause of vivid colours of 

 arctic flowers, 237 



Guilielma siicciosa, 42 



Gums from equatorial forest-trees, 36 



H. 



llahcnaria chlorantha, 230 

 Habits of humming-birds, 130 

 Heat due to condensation of atmo- 

 spheric vapour, 14 

 changes colours, 183 

 Heliconiinse and Acrgeinae, local re- 

 semblances of, 256 

 Ilindostan and Africa, resemblances of 



fauna of, 328 

 Ildoker, Sir J. on flowers of Auckland 

 Isles, 238 



on deficient odour of New Zealand 

 flowers, 277 

 Hornbills, 107 



Horns of beetles, probable use of, 202 

 Howling-monkeys, 118 

 Humming-birds, number of, 124, 133 



distinctness of, 125, 129 



structure of, 125 



