1866.] Mr. J. Wood on Variations in Human Myology. 241 



gluteus minimus forming a scansorius muscle, like that described in a 

 former paper. In subject 30 the perforatus tendon of the little toe was 

 derived from the Jlexor accessorius, as seen also last session. In subject 7, 

 the same tendon is derived from the fifth tendon of the perforans, as found 

 in the Apes and Monkeys. The two last appear to be, respectively, the 

 imperfect or transitional, and the complete stages of this significant change. 

 Two varieties, which I have not found' recorded by any anatomical writer, 

 were noticed in subjects 12 and 26. In the former the abductor hallucisj 

 and in the latter the Jlexor brevis hallucis sent a considerable muscular 

 slip to the base of the first phalanx of the second toe. In the former the 

 slip passed deeper than the transfer sus pedis muscle, and in the latter 

 superficial to it. 



In subject 25 the third lumbricalis took origin from the tendon of the 

 perforatus instead t\iQ perforans^ presenting an analogue to the origin 

 of the first lumbricalis in the hand from a tendon of the Jlexor sublimis 

 'perforatus in subjects o and 13. 



In subject 2 the fourth plantar inferosseus arose from a slip of the tendon 

 of the loeroneus longus, as in the instance described and figured in the author's 

 last paper. In subject 16 was a curious double origin of the adductor 

 longus femoris, the abnormal head arising with the fibres of pectineus. 



In reference to the comhinations of the above muscular variations an in- 

 spection of the Table will show the following points : — 



Firsts that only in tvjo subjects out of the thirty-four examined were no 

 muscular abnormalities found ; i. e. no deviations from the ordinary type 

 sufficiently striking to be recorded. It is, indeed, highly probable that 

 variabilities of every kind are limited only by the possibilities of the per- 

 mutations and combinations of the whole of the structures of the human 

 body. It will be observed also that the great majority of the abnormalities 

 were symmetrical, or found on both sides. 



Secondly, that of the total number of muscular variations, 132 (not 

 reckoning both sides when alike), 71^ or more than one half, are found in 

 the arms. If we reckon with these those muscles which, though found in 

 the neck, act chiefly upon the clavicle, a bone of the upper extremity, viz. 

 the cleiclo -occipital and the levator claviculoe, we shall have 1 2 more to add 

 to the 71, increasing the proportion of the arm muscles, and diminishing 

 those proper to the head and neck to 10. The number of abnormalities 

 in the legs amount to 39, or rather more than half the number of those 

 in the arms ; while in the abdomen and lower part of the trunk not 

 one is recorded, though, of course, some may have escaped observation. 



Thirdly. The greatest number of abnormalities combined in the same 

 individual is 14 (in subject 32), a very muscular male, in whom the pro- 

 portions are 10 in the muscles of the arms (including the cleido-occipital) ; 

 3 in those of the legs, and 1 only in the head and neck. The similarity 

 between this subject and No. 1 of the last year's paper is remarkable. In 

 the latter the number of departures from the ordinary type was IC, of 



X 2 



