540 Dr. Parkes on the Elimination of Nitrogen. , [Jan, 31, 



112 lbs. His size is not owing to any imperfection in make or nutrition, 

 but to the fact that he comes of a small race, his father being small, and 

 his mother remarkably so. He has small bones, good firm muscles, but 

 very little fat. In fact, he is a thin man. 



In the following experiments, the amounts of the total nitrogen of the 

 urine (by soda-lime), of the urea, of the chloride of sodium, and on cer- 

 tain occasions of the phosphoric and sulphuric acids, were determined. 

 The urea was determined by Liebig's solution, the chlorine being first 

 eliminated, the phosphoric acid by acetate of uranium, the sulphuric acid 

 by baryta and weighing. 



The urine was collected from 8 a.m. to 8 a.m., and great care was taken 

 not to lose any, and to pass it at the exact time. 



The amount of water, solids, and nitrogen passed from the bowels were 

 also determined on several occasions. 



All the ingesta were most carefully weighed and measured, and the amount 

 of water in the crumb and crust of bread and in the meat was determined. 

 The nitrogen in the bread was also determined, but the long time de- 

 manded by the other processes prevented a complete analysis of the other 

 food ; this was, however, a matter of no importance as regarded the imme- 

 diate object of the inquiry. 



The experiments were commenced on December 6, 1866, and were con- 

 tinued daily till December 23. 



First Period of ordinary regulated Diet and Occupation, 



The men were first kept under observation for six days, in order to 

 determine the variations in weight and in the excreta, and to see if the 

 metamorphosis of tissue appeared to be healthy. This was found to be 

 the case ; in fact, more completely healthy urinary and intestinal excreta 

 could not be conceived. 



The weight of the body ranged nearly 1 lb. avoir., or | kilog. above 

 and below the mean amount in each man. 



The daily average amount of food and drink was only slightly different 

 in each man, and the quantity taken from day to day was very uniform. 



The men were not placed on any absolute quantity, but ate according 

 to appetite within narrow limits. 



Average daily amount of food in ounces avoirdupois in this period : — 



S. T. 



Cooked meat 7-625 7*625 



Bread . . 16*66 16-26 



Vegetables: — | potatoes, 5 cabbage 13*87 13 



Butter 1 1 



Tea, including 3 oz. of milk, and Ig oz. sugar . • • • 20 20 



Coffee, including 3 oz. of milk, and Ig oz. sugar. . . . 20 20 



Beer 15 15 



Water 5 8 2-33 



