1867.] Mr. J. Wood oii Variations in Human Myology. 



529 



to the flexor profundus, and ending in a tendon more or less long, which 

 joins that oi flexor pollicis longus. In three instances the junction 

 took place belo\Y the middle of the arm. In a former paper the author 

 described a remarkable development and amalgamation of these acces- 

 sory origins oi the flexor lojigus pollieis 2iii^ profundus digitorum m a 

 iSTegro, resulting in a complete set of tendons to each of the fingers 

 placed intermediate to those of the suhlimis and profundus. 



In the Dog, the coronoid origins constitute the chief bulk of the united 

 flexors. In the Cat, Hedgehog, Gruinea-pig, Eabbit, and many other ani- 

 mals they form a great part of them. 



In No. 7 was a muscular, and in Is os. 8, 20, & 33 a tendinous connec- 

 tion of the tendons of the Flexor longus poUicis and Index perf or ans, con- 

 stituting a more decided tendency to the complete union of these muscles 

 found in the lower animals than even in the instances above-mentioned 

 of the radial origin of the flexor profundus. This connection exists more or 

 less completely in all the Apes and Monkeys, reaching its most peculiar de- 

 velopment by the entire substitution of the flexor longus pollicis by a 

 separated and entire flexor indicis in tlie Orang-utan, It is evidently 

 the homologous representative of the tendon of connection between the 

 flexor longus hallucis a^di flexor longus digitorum in the foot. 



13. Lumhricales . — In two subjects (Nos. 3 & 5) the fourtli lumbri- 

 calis on the right side was inserted into the extensor aponeurosis on 

 the ulnar side of the ring-finger (which was thus provided with two, 

 acting in diflerent directions), instead of the little finger, which was 

 destitute. In Nos. 11 & 34, in the right hand, and in Ko. 32 in both 

 hands, the third lumbricalis was bifurcated, one being inserted into 

 the ulnar side of the middle digit (which was thus provided with 

 one on each side), while the other was inserted into the usual place. In 

 the left hand of No. 33 both the tliird and fourtli lumbricalis were bi- 

 furcated, the middle and ring-fingers both having a lumbricalis on each 

 side. These abnormalities have been described by Meckel, Theile, and 

 Froment. According to the last-named author, the lumbricales are 

 irregular in nearly half the number of subjects, the third being the most 

 frequently bifurcated, and next, the fourth. In half, the author has 

 found the irregularities on both sides ; when single, he has found the 

 right and left to be in about equal proportions irregular. 



14. Flexor carpi radialis hrevis v. 'profundus. — In only two subjects 

 has the author found this year the muscle described by him in previous 

 papers under this name. Both were imperfect specimens, arismg in a 

 penniform way from the radius outside the flexor longus pollicis, and 

 inserted by a rounded tendon, which in one subject (No. 32) was as large 

 as that of the flexor pollicis itself, into that deep portion of the annular 

 ligament which is attached to the trapezoid and base of the middle me- 

 tacarpal bone, secluding the sheath of the flexor carpi radialis tendon. 

 In one (No. 20) the palmaris longus was normal. In the other it was 



