SHORTER ARTICLES AND DISCUSSION 

 THE CHUB AND THE TEXAS HORN FLY 



In the upper reaches of the waters of the Niobrara River, 

 locally known as Running Water, the common chub, Semotilus 

 atromaculatus, is very abundant. One may with a hook and 

 line secure many dozens of them in a very short time. In 

 Running Water they scarcely ever attain a greater length than 

 eight inches. During the past summer while out on a collecting 

 trip into the Miocene beds of northwestern Nebraska, some in- 

 teresting observations were made on certain feeding habits of 

 the chub which may prove of interest to those naturalists who 

 are especially interested in animal behavior and intelligence. 



The horn fly, Hcematobia serrata, according to Kellogg, js 

 a European insect which gets its popular name from the habit 

 of clustering on the bases of the horns of cattle. It was first 



introduced into this country about 1886 or 1887 and its spread 

 has been so exceedingly rapid that in a very few years it has 

 become an annoying pest to western cattle. Mr. James H. Cook, 

 a prominent ranchman of Sioux County, Nebraska, told me that 



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