CALYSTE V GIA. 



44 



came'llia. 



have two or three leaves, and trans- 

 planted into the open garden in May, 

 where they will make a very fine ap- 

 pearance in September and October. 

 They should be grown in light rich soil, 

 or in loam and thoroughly rotten dung. 



Caixu v na, D. Don. — The common 

 Heather or Ling. — See E'rica. 



Calocho'rtus. — TulipacecB. — 

 Californian bulbs with splendid flow- 

 ers, but rather difficult of culture. 

 They require a very sandy soil, which 

 should be covered with litter in frosty 

 weather, if the bulbs are not taken up 

 as soon as they have done flowering in 

 autumn. They produce their large 

 lilac and white flowers in August and 

 September, and occasionally ripen a 

 few seeds, by which, or by offsets, 

 they may be increased slowly. 



Ca'ltha. — RanunculacecB. — The 

 Marsh Marigold. 



Calyca'nthus. — Calycanthaeece. 

 Deciduous shrubs from North Ame- 

 rica, with dark brownish purple flow- 

 ers, remarkable for their fragrance, as 

 well as their rich colour. The plants 

 thrive best in loam and peat, but they 

 will grow in any soil that is not very 

 stiff and moist ; and they are com- 

 monly propagated by layers. Most of 

 what are called different species, are 

 only varieties of C.floridus, the Ame- 

 rican Allspice-tree. The scent of the 

 flowers is commonly thought to re- 

 semble that of ripe fruit. Calcan- 

 thus prcecox, the Japan Allspice, is 

 now called by De Candolle, Chimo- 

 ndnthus fragrans, or the winter 

 flower, as it produces its flowers about 

 Christmas. — (See Chimonanthus.) 



Calyste v gia. — Convolvulacece. — 

 The new name for the common hedge 

 Convolvulus, and some other species 

 from America resembling it. The 

 red variety of C. sepiurn, commonly 

 called the American Convolvulus, 

 makes a very pretty covering for a 

 bower. They grow best in sandy or 

 gravelly soil. 



Came'llia. — TemstrcemiacecB. — 

 Evergreen shrubs with splendid flow, 

 ers, from China, of which C. japo- 

 nica, and its numerous garden varie- 

 ties, are in general cultivation in all 

 the greenhouses of Europe and Ame- 

 rica. Some of the varieties, as for 

 example, C. j. variegata, the varie- 

 gated red, are so hardy as to stand the 

 open air, either as standards, or 

 planted against a wall ; particularly 

 if their roots are protected during 

 frosty weather. It is a curious fact, 

 that many tender and half-hardy 

 plants will grow freely, and produce 

 abundance of flowers, if their roots 

 and collars are protected ; in a tempe- 

 rature that would kill them imme- 

 diately, if these tender parts were ex- 

 posed to the influence of the cold. 

 Thus, when Camellias are planted out, 

 if the roots are protected during win- 

 ter, by mulching, (that is, covering 

 with straw or litter), and the trunk of 

 the bush is wrapped round for about 

 six or eight inches from the ground, 

 with ahayband, or any other covering, 

 the rest of the plant may be left 

 entirely exposed without its sustain- 

 ing the slightest injury. Camellias 

 are commonly cultivated in sandy 

 loam and peat, and this soil is perhaps 

 the best for them when they are grown 

 in pots ; but when they are planted 

 out in a conservatory, or the open 

 ground, they will thrive exceedingly 

 well in sandy loam, mixed with rotten 

 dung, or leaf mould. When the plants 

 are in a growing state, they require 

 abundance of water, both at the roots 

 and over the leaves ; taking care, 

 however, never to wet the leaves 

 when the sun is shining upon them ; 

 as wherever this occurs, the leaves 

 become stained, or blotched, and look 

 as though they were scalded. When 

 Camellias are kept in a greenhouse or 

 conservatory, imperfections in the 

 glass will produce the same effect. 

 The temperature of the Camellia 



