CAPRIFO^LIUM. 



47 



CA^REX. 



those who will not take the trouble 

 to water them regularly. To lessen 

 the risk of destruction by drought, 

 some cultivators have an outer and 

 inner pot ; the object of the former 

 being to lessen the evaporation from 

 the latter. Others mix lumps of free- 

 stone with the soil in the pots ; and 

 these being powerful absorbers of 

 moisture, retain, as it were, a reserve 

 of water for the plant to have recourse 

 to, when it is neglected by the gar- 

 dener. It may be useful to observe, 

 that when peat, or a mixture of sand 

 and peat, in a pot where the soil has 

 become matted with roots, is once 

 thoroughly dried, it is extremely dif- 

 ficult to moisten it again properly ; 

 and hence, many persons, who pour 

 water on the surface of pots con- 

 taining plants in sandy peat, imagine 

 that it penetrates the ball of earth and 

 roots, while, in fact, it very fre- 

 quently escapes between the ball and 

 the pot, moistening only the outer 

 surface of the ball, and leaving the 

 great mass of roots in its centre quite 

 dry. Perhaps as many Cape heaths 

 and shrubs, and Australian shrubs, 

 are killed in this way, as geraniums 

 and bulbs are killed by over- watering. 

 — See Eri v ca. 



Ca'pparis. — Capparidece. — A ge- 

 nus of rambling shrubs, natives of 

 both the East and West Indies, and 

 of South America. One species, C. 

 spinosa, the common Caper, grows 

 wild in the south of Europe, and 

 forms in England a greenhouse trailer, 

 as well as a most suitable plant for a 

 conservative wall, remarkable in both 

 situations for the beauty of its flowers. 

 It grows in common soil, and is readily 

 propagated by cuttings of the roots. 



Caprifo v lium. — Caprifoliacece. — 

 The Honeysuckle. Well-known 

 climbing plants, remarkable for the 

 delightful fragrance of their flowers. 

 C.italicum, the Italian Honeysuckle ; 

 C. Periclymenum, the common 



Woodbine, and its varieties ; and C. 

 sempervirens, the Trumpet Honey- 

 suckle, are those most common in 

 collections. The beautiful and very 

 fragrant plant generally called Loni- 

 cera flexubsa, Bot. Reg., is some- 

 times found under the name of Ca- 

 prifulium chinense ; and the gold 

 and silver Honeysuckle is generally 

 called C. japonicum. Both these 

 plants are natives of Japan and China, 

 and they are rather tender in British 

 gardens. They should be grown in a 

 soil composed of sand, peat, and 

 loam, and are propagated by cuttings. 

 The Trumpet Honeysuckle, and C 

 fiavum, Bot. Mag., should also be 

 ■grown in sandy peat, and require a 

 slight protection in severe weather ; 

 but all the other kinds may be grown 

 in common soil, without any further 

 care than training them against a wall, 

 or over paling. 



Ca'psicum. — Solanacece. — Thepods 

 of the plants belonging to this genus 

 produce the Cayenne pepper ; and 

 they are very ornamental from their 

 brilliant colour, which is a bright 

 scarlet, and their remaining ou all 

 the winter. They are generally ten- 

 der annuals, requiring the heat of a 

 stove to ripen their fruit ; but there 

 is one species, C. cerasiforme, some- 

 times called Cherry Pepper, or Bell 

 Pepper, which does not require any 

 greater heat than that of a green- 

 house. 



Carda'mine. — Cruciferce. — Low 

 herbaceous plants, natives of Europe, 

 and of which C. praterisis plena, the 

 Cuckoo Flower, or Lady's Smock, 

 and one or two other species, deserve 

 a place in the flower garden. C. tri- 

 fblia is valuable for its early flower- 

 ing, and, with several other species, 

 is well adapted for pots or rock work. 

 Common soil, kept moist. 



Cardinal-flower. See Lobelia. 



Ca^rfx.— Cyperacea — TheSedges 

 are well-known British and American 



